BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 555 



fall, in the form of a severe broncliial catarrh. There is difficulty in 

 broathiiig and a severe fjasping, spasmodic cough. The cough gener- 

 ally cwiies on when the herd is driven to pasture. During the parox- 

 ysms, masses of mucus are occasionally discharged, with great effort, 

 which contain eggs, embi-yos, and adult forms of the parasite. With 

 increase in the intensity of these symptoms, emaciation goes on in spite 

 of continued appetite. Auajmia appears characterized by a paleness of 

 the skin and mucous membranes, the abdomen becomes enlarged, the 

 eyes become dim; in sheei) the wool comes away. Swelling may ap- 

 pear under the abdomen, at the joints, and under the jaws. Death from 

 general debility finally terminates the gradual loss of vital i)0wers. 

 Sometimes the general plugging up of the smaller bronchi may bring 

 nbont sulfocation during a paroxysm of coughing. The disease in 

 lambs, which is apt to be more severe in fall, may disai)])ear in the spring 

 in milder cases. A French observer reports in an outbreak in calves 

 the presence of a jiainfnl cough, coming on in veritable paroxysms, far 

 more violent than in simple bronchitis, and frequently leading to suU'o- 

 catiou. Respiration is increased in frequency, the conjunctivn in- 

 jected, the head extended on the neck, the mouth operied widely, and the 

 tongue protrude<l to obtain air. The discharges from nose and mouth 

 contain parasites. 



The disease may last from two to four monfhs and the prognosis is 

 usually biul. Cases oC suspected verminous brojicliitis which die within 

 a few days after the first appearanc(! of sym])toms ought to arouse sus- 

 picion and direct attention to a careful examination of the lungs and 

 body generally immediately after <leath. 



The above brief description ot symptoms evidently refers to severe 

 cases. The intensity of the disease is proportional to the number of 

 parasities which have found lodgment in the lungs. In this disease, 

 therefore, all grades of severity may be met with and many of the 

 symptoms above enumerated may be entirely absent. 



mAGNOSIS. 



In connection with a careful examination of the symptoms it is of im- 

 portance to exaniine with a lens, or the naked eye if a lens be not at 

 hand, the mucus discharged from nose and mouth. The adult worms 

 will appear as small, white, interlaced filaments, like shreds of lint or 

 white hair. Placed in tepid water, these often exe(;ute vermicular move- 

 ments. The adult forms, especially the females crowded with eggs, 

 api)ear like masses of coarse, white linen thread. 



POST MORTEM APPEARANCES. 



Tn an examination of the body of lambs and calves Avhich hove suc- 

 cumbed to the disease there will be found, besides absence of fat, elVusion 

 of serum into the pericardial, thoracic, and peritoneal cavities, the usual 

 concomitant of great debility. The kings are pale red, often nodular 

 and adherent to the chest-wall. In places the lung tissue is solidified 

 atul sinks in water. The mucous membrane of the bronchi is inflamed 

 and thickened in patches; sometimes there are blood extravasations aiul 

 ulcerations. The bronchi are often enlarged or saccular. The parasites 

 them selves* are found in the trachea and bronchi, often rolled up into 

 masses which occupy the recesses or sacs above mentioned, or i)lug up 

 completely tli6 smaller dimious of the bronchi. In the larger divisions 



