50 



he run long lines or have points for "tying" those he did run. His published 

 account is the first extensive one in literature, though it, like all the earlier ones, 

 abounds in exaggerations.* 



The next map, in order of publication, bears the date of 1835, the year of its 

 copyright, and was prepared by Edmund F. Lee, a civil engineer of Cincinnati, 

 Ohio. It is based upon the first instrumental survey ever made of the cave, and is 

 ■ both complete and accurate for that portion which may be called the cisriparian 

 eave. The rivers and all that vast area of the cavern which lies beyond, were 

 then unknown and undreamed of. 



The rivers were discovered by Stephen Bishop, the guide, in the year 1840, 

 for tlie way to them, over what is now the Bottomless Pit, had not been known; 

 ihe Pit itself was not crossed until 1840, the crossing being almost immediately 

 followed by the discovery of River Hall and all its wonders. Consequently none 

 of this portion of the cavern appears in Lee's map, a copy of which is herewith 

 _given, from a faded copy in my library, which, like the others mentioned, is the 

 only copy now known to be in existence. Lee's map is further characterized by 

 sections of the several known avenues and chambers, and is the result of many 

 month's of underground work. As laid down in his map the relations of the 

 . avenues and chambers are absolutely accurate ; the nomenclature has since very 

 ..greatly changed, as the fancy of visitors or the caprice of the several managers 

 .■have dictated. It will be at once recognized that this map has extraordinary 

 Talue when it is stated that it forms the basis of several other maps which have 

 . appeared from time to time ; further, it is the first map to have been profession- 

 ally made. Complete surveys of most of the newer or transriparian avenues 

 have never been made. Some of these aA'enues and passages, like that which 

 leads to Mystic River, leaving El Ghor just below Martha's Vineyard, have been 

 • entirely closed up by the management and never will be surveyed. A complete 

 . map of the cave will, therefore, always be impossible, and some avenues will only 



'■'Since this article wa« completed, chance has thrown in my way an old volume pub- 

 lished by Lee & Shepard, Boston, in 1873, " The Wonders of the World," which reproduces 

 Ward's account of Mammoth Cave, together with his origrinal map; the map appears as 

 pa''e 327 and has a cut of the " mummy, now in the American Museum, New York." It is 

 interesting to note that this old map is useless in such a book. It is further interest- 

 ing to note that the mummy was not then in the American Museum, nor ever had been, be- 

 yond a few days for exhibition purposes, but was deposited in the museum of the American 

 Antiquarian Society, at Worcester, Massachusetts. A short time since, following the 

 World's Fair, where it was on exhibition, it was removed to the National Museum, at Wash- 

 ington, where it may now be seen. A most excellent photograph of this famous mummy 

 was recently made for me and forwarded by the courtesy of the late Dr. G.Brown Goode. 

 The account of the cive, which this volume gives, in 1873, is a verbatim reproduction of 

 Nahum Ward's original ilescrip ion, made in 1816. In this way do great publishing houses 

 give us new and .resli knowledge of the world's wonders. 



