187 



the bacterium developed in the bouillon, but did not appear in the wort. The 

 organisms in both media were very slow in developing, the first appearance of 

 growth being in about five days, some taking even six and seven days ; and in the 

 case of the yeast the fermentation was weak. But in most cases the fermentation 

 lasted for over three weeks. 



To test the effect of yeast when introduced into the circulation of animals, 

 pure culture yeasts were used, one separated from a moist yeast cake, one from a 

 dry yeast cake, and the third a wild yeast obtained from the surface of plum. 

 Ten drops from a four days' culture in wort of each yeast were injected into the pos- 

 terior branch of the main vessel of the ear of three rabbits. These were kept under 

 constant observation, but showed no ill effects from the introduction of the yeast. 



Another test was then made upon two different rabbits, and upon two guinea 

 pigs. The yeasts used for the rabbits were a wild one from the surface of persimmon, 

 and one from a moist yeast cake, but a different yeast from the one used in the first 

 experiment. The yeasts used for the guinea pigs were one from the surface of 

 grape, and one from a moist yeast cake, also different from the two previous 

 yeasts. The inoculations in the rabbits were in the vessel of the ear, but those of 

 the guinea pigs were intra-peritoneal. The following day the guinea pigs were 

 slightly sore in the region of the puncture of the hypodermic needle, but that 

 wore off in a short time, and no other ill effects were experienced by any of the 

 animals. 



For the next experiment twenty-two different yeasts were grown at the body 

 temperature (37.t° C.) in order to select from them the ones growing most vigor- 

 ously. These proved to be two wild ones, one from apple, the other from guava, 

 and two cultivated ones, one from beer, and one from a moist yeast cake. One of 

 the yeasts was injected into the ear of a rabbit, a second into the ear of a guinea- 

 pig, while the third and fourth were subcutaneous, into the abdominal wall of 

 guinea-pigs. No ill effects followed the inoculations. 



After two days sterilized bouillon and wort were inoculated with blood from 

 the ear of each animal, but in all cases remained sterile. In one tube of wort, 

 in which a large drop of blood had been placed, a few dead yeast cells were 

 found, but no growth took place, indicating that the yeast must have been de- 

 stroyed in a short time. 



The results of the experiments agree in the main with those of Xeumayer,* 

 except thjit he claims that an injury to the animal may always be expected if a 

 fermentable substance be taken at the time the yeasts are. He also claims that 

 when yeasts are grown at a high temperature, abnormal fermentation products 



• Xeumayer, J. Centralb. fur Bakt. und Parasitenk., Bd. XIII, 1893, p. 611. 



