58 Proceedings of Indiana Academy of Science 



and monographs relating to travels and geography followed. The Art 

 of Travel or Shifts and Contrivances in Wild Countries appeared in 1855 

 and went through a number of revised editions. His attention was then 

 turned to meteorology and he charted data on a large scale. From him 

 we have the term anticyclone. He developed great proficiency in making 

 charts, diagrams and graphs; by applying this knowledge to the study 

 of anthropology he advanced it through statistical methods. He became 

 interested in the subject of heredity, and in 1869 published Hereditary 

 Genius — and formulated his ancestral law, that the two parents con- 

 tribute one-half, the four grandparents together one-fourth, and so on. 



A difficult problem is presented by the comparative worth or de- 

 sirable qualifications of individuals and races. Galton believed that 

 much could be accomplished through proper nurture. English Men of 

 Science, their Nature and Nurture, appeared in 1874. At intervals and 

 between larger works he employed himself with all sorts of seeming 

 oddities, including the making of "Composite Portraits", on which he 

 published in 1878. Then came his Hutiutn Faculties, for which he had 

 collected a great mass of data. In this work he for the first time used 

 his newly-coined term Eugenics. 



Galton was a pioneer in neglected fields. He brought together a 

 lot of material and from a careful study arrived at certain conclusions. 

 Others have taken up his work and advanced it and presented it more 

 systematically, but the name of Galton will always be associated with 

 Eugenics. 



A study of the lives and the books of the master minds enlarges our 

 vision. Too many of us are controlled by our emotions — we may see 

 only the need for immediate relief from misery and affliction. Few of 

 us consider future generations nor the constant crop that calls for more 

 and more relief. Great minds, as dalton's, are concerned with funda- 

 mental causes and with the diffusion of knowledge and prevention. 



The measurement of physical and mental qualities was definitely 

 taken up by Galton through the establishment of an anthropological 

 laboratory. Today we hear much about psychological testing, a subject 

 that was wholly new in 1884. The late war gave a great impetus to 

 measurements, and at present school children, mainly in city schools, 

 are tested from all angles — new ana improved tests are constantly in- 

 troduced. In Natiiral Inheritance he again advocated the breeding of 

 desirable qualities and the checking, of the undesirable. His observa- 

 tions on Finger Prints appeared in 18i)3; the practical value of this was 

 .'^oon recognized and developed. 



In 1904 Galton founded a research fellowship at the London Univer- 

 sity for work in Eugenics, which has been a great stimulus to the whole 

 world. In this connection attention rtiay be called to the Galton Lecture 

 of 1919 by Dean Inge of St. Paul's, which appears in his Outspoken 

 Essays. This lectui-e is remarkable when we consider that it is by a 

 noted churchman. 



In England where life conditions for a long time have been fixed, 

 static — "as the father so the son" — inheritance plays a great role; all 

 in marked contrast to conditions in our own country. England, and the 



