210 Proceedings of Indiana Academy of Science 



on essentially calm days the water does not always appear at the same 

 level. 



The fore dune region: The fore dunes are low wind-blown piles of 

 soft sand immediately back of the high water mark of the beach and 

 parallel with the water line. Vegetation on them is not abundant in 

 kind or in number, but is not inconspicuous. The most characteristic 

 plants are sand reed-grass, Calumovilfa longifolia; maram grass, Am- 

 mojihila arenuria; and sand cherry, Primus puniila. This area gradually 

 blends in with the higher wooded dunes, bare faces of which are charac- 

 terized by the same association of plants. Around the margins of blow- 

 outs (wind-worn cuts into the larger, wooded and more mature dunes) 

 an association of plants similar to those of the fore dunes occurs mingled 

 with plants of the first portions of the wooded dunes. The only mam- 

 mals found in the fore dune region were the Baird deer mouse, Pero- 

 myscus maniculatus bairdii and a few house mice, Mtis musculus. As 

 the same species of deer mouse was found in an interdunal meadow it 

 can not be considered a characteristic inhabitant of the fore dunes. 



Wooded dunes: These are the characteristic dunes of the region 

 and occupy the greatest area. They are immediately back of the fore 

 dunes and range in height from 50 to 150 feet. They are covered with 

 permanent vegetation. According to the abundance of certain plants 

 on them and to their proximity to the lake the wooded dunes may be 

 roughly divided into a lakeward portion characterized by an abundance 

 of such plants as white pine, Pinus strobus; jack pine, Pinus banksiana; 

 common juniper, Juniperiis communis; red cedar, Juniperus virginiana; 

 red osier dogwood. Coitus stolonifera; aromatic sumac, Rhus cana- 

 densis; fox grape, Vitis vulpina; basswood, Tilia americanu; and a con- 

 siderable number of white and black oaks, Quercus alba and Q. velutina; 

 and into a landward portion where the oaks predominate and where 

 there is usually a dense growth of blueberry, Vuccinium pennsylvanicum. 

 The two portions are not sharply defined but the vegetation has a ten- 

 dency to be disposed as mentioned. The lakeward portion of these 

 dunes is quite uniform in height, ranging about 50 or 60 feet, and the 

 vegetation of their north faces blends in with that of the fore dunes. 

 The landward portions vary considerably in height and may be only 

 low hills or ridges or rise to high hills of 150 feet. The wooded dunes 

 are often broken into by blowouts and their landward slopes are often 

 being covered by advancing sand. The conmion deer mouse, Peromyscus 

 leucopus noveborucensis was very abundant in the wcoded dunes. 



Interdunal meadows and ponds: These are open treeless stretches 

 between the wooded dunes and toward the landward side. They may 

 be permanent meadows or permanent shallow ponds, or meadows which 

 early in the season were shallow ponds. Around the edges of the perma- 

 nent or temporary ponds there is always more or less meadow. These 

 meadows are covered with a variety of annual and perennial herbaceous 

 plants varying considerably in different meadows and drying ponds. 

 Some of the meadows are quite damp and may contain much sphagnum 

 and masses of such plants as cassandra, Chamaedaphne calyculata, 

 chain fern, Woodwai-dia virginica, and sundew, Drosera intermedia. 



