Indiana Plant Diseases, 1921 



169 



parently by PhylopJithora cactoriim in three localities in the state is of 

 considerable interest since this disease, which is common in Europe, 

 has been previously reported in this country only from New York (42) 

 and a few other localities. The disease was first noted early in Sep- 

 tember on Grimes fruit from three trees in a low area in an orchard 

 at LaFayette. It was found mostly on fallen apples and occasionally 

 on low-hanging fruit on the trees. Since it was rather inconspicuous 

 in its early stages, it was overlooked in sorting and later showed up at 

 an alarming rate in the baskets of sorted fruit. It caused a loss of 

 about 10 per cent of the crop from the three trees mentioned. The 

 external appearance of the rot (fig. 2) was a rather indefinite, light 

 brown discoloration of irregular intensity and the infected flesh was 

 firm and at first only slightly discolored with the veins distinctly 

 browned. The rot rapidly involved the entire fruit. Infection no doubt 

 originated from the soil aiid the heavy rains and presence of standing 

 water under these trees undoubtedly facilitated the development of the 



Fig. 2. Phytophthora rot of Grimes apples. At the right, field appearance of the 

 disease ; at the left, outgrowth of fungus in a damp chamber. 



fungus. Cullinan found this disease on Grimes and Ben Davis fruits 

 on the ground in an orchard in Miami County, Sept. 16, and on Oct. 5 

 a few remaining specimens were found. The disease had caused a 

 marked loss in the Grimes variety and occurred only in the low places 

 in the orchard. In an orchard in Henry County, Phytophthora rot was 

 found on Northwestern apples, Sept. 27. The extremely heavy rains 

 of August and September are considered responsible for the outbreak 

 of this disease and its apparent spontaneous appearance in three or- 

 chards would indicate that the fungus may be a common soil inhabitant. 

 Bitter rot due to Glomerella cingulata was present to a limited 

 extent on Grimes fruit in an orchard in Franklin County according to 

 Cullinan. The same observer also found a case of brown rot, caused by 

 Sclerotinia cinerea, on a Jonathan apple at Lafayette. A peculiar 

 fruit spot, somewhat resembling Brook's fruit spot, but apparently non- 

 parasitic in nature was noted by Burkholder on King David apples 

 grown in Hendricks County and specimens were also received from 

 Henderson, Ky. • 



