204 Proceedings of Indiana Academy of Science 



Rust {Gyninosporanginm juniperi-inrginianae) was much worse 

 than usual due probably to the warm wet spring. Burkholder reported 

 severe defoliation and complete loss of crop in the portion of a young 

 orchard near a group of red cedars. Fruit infection was noted on 

 Wealthy, Rome, Jonathan, Oldenburg, Salome, and Esopus. Leaf infec- 

 tion occurred on these varieties and on Red June, Benoni, Arkansas 

 and Indiana Favorite. Twig infection was noted on 1922 wood of Jona- 

 than and Rome. The rust cankers on Rome twigs as observed in Orange 

 County, May 5, 1923, were red to brown, elliptical with a raised uniform 

 margin often surrounded by a fissure in the bark. In many an elevated 

 region at the center bore the remnants of pycnia and aecia. Some re- 

 sembled the Bellflower twig lesions illustrated by Hopkins (9). In some 

 cases the distal portion of the infected twig was killed and in some cases 

 infection of spurs had progressed into the bark of older limbs causing 

 considerable hypertrophy. Dried aeciospores were found in the old 

 aecial cups. 



Bitter rot, caused by Glomerella cinguluta, caused one grower in Gib- 

 son County a great loss in Grimes, Stayman, Rome and Champion, owing 

 apparently to heavy local rains accompanied by high temperatures late 

 in July. The Grimes had not been sprayed, and the tendency to omit 

 the fungicidal sprays on this variety is a dangerous practice in southern 

 Indiana where bitter rot may occur. Brown rot, caused by Sclcrotinia 

 cineiea, occurred on unsprayed Esopus fruit in transit from Orange 

 County and in a car of Transparents from Madison County. 



The surface type of bitter pit was a severe blemish on many vari- 

 eties, according to Cullinan. It was found on Grimes, Mann, Ben Davis, 

 Stayman, and Arkansas. A reduction in size of fruit and early ma- 

 turity and dropping were attributed to the hot dry weather of August 

 and September, in the case of Jonathan, Grimes, Winesap, and Ben Da- 

 vis. Water core was found on Northwestern. Frost marks were con- 

 ;picuous on Ben Davis fruit in Miami County. 



Sooty blotch and fly speck (Gloeode.H pomigena and Lcptolln/riKDi 

 pomi) were not serious, probably because of the dry August and Sep- 

 tember. The blemishes were noted on Wealthy, Grimes, Maiden Blush, 

 Jonathan, and York. What appears to be the same fungi were noted 

 on the stems of Sniilax hispida. 



Barley. — The following diseases of barley occurred: Stn'pe, caused 

 by HelminthosporunJi grnmineuin; loose smut (Ustildgo vnda) ; covered 

 smut (Ustilago liordei) ; stem rust (Puccinin grnminis) ; and leaf rust 

 (Pxiccinia simplex) . 



Bean. — Blight, caused by B<tctcriui)i pliascoli, seemed to be less de- 

 structive than usual, possibly owing to the general di'outh. 



Mosaic was the most destructive disease of this crop. In a plot of 

 52 varieties grown by H. D. Brown, 35 showed mosaic. Wardwell's Kid- 

 ney Wax and Black Valentine, which showed no mosaic in a similar plot 

 in 1921, also showed none this year, while the other four varieties which 

 remained free in 1921 showed mosaic as follows: Red Kidney, 2%; 

 Saddleback Wax, 8%; Dwarf Horticultural, 49%; Robust Pea, VA . 



A serious outbreak of rust {Uromyces ajipendiculahis) occurred in 



