Entomology and Other Sciences 295 



are essential. The application of farm practices, including as it does 

 methods of growing and handling crops, involves the engineer in the 

 case of drainage, the agronomist in such practices as rotation and cul- 

 tivation, the crops expert in the study of resistant varieties, the animal 

 husbandman in the problems connected with animal parasite control, 

 the physician and veterinarian in the study of insects and disease, and 

 the botanist in the study of insects and plant diseases. Even the law- 

 yer becomes involved when we consider entomology in its broadest sense, 

 for the present day inspection, insecticide and quarantine laws require 

 his services in more ways than one. In this connection, the accompany- 

 ing figure (fig. 1) will give an idea of the relation of insects to other 

 sciences, particularly to the agricultural sciences. 



Just a final word regarding the work of the entomologist. We might 

 for convenience group it into four divisions: (1) Teaching, (2) Ex- 

 tension, (3) Investigation and (4) Regulatory. 



1. Teaching. In teaching work two classes of students are in- 

 volved. First, those who require it as a part of their course in agri- 

 culture, forestry, sanitary engineering and the like, and who desire 

 such information about insects, their recognition and control as should 

 be of most practical value to him in his future work and to lead him 

 to acquire a foundation in the principles of entomology that will serve 

 as a guide in solving new and unexpected entomological problems or 

 applying the knowledge gained to his particular conditions. Second, 

 those who wish to fit themselves for professional work in entomology. 



2. Extension work. Under extension work we might include dem- 

 onstration of control measures, newspaper and bulletin publicity, farm- 

 ers' institutes and the like. Extension or demonstration work must 

 be considered an important feature of the entomologist's routine. In 

 the past there was some question as to whether extension was a part 

 of the entomologist's work. I recall a story related by S. A. Forbes. 

 A few years after taking up the work as entomologist of Illinois, Forbes 

 noticed that although he had accumulated and published the results 

 of many investigations and had thereby furnished in writing the methods 

 of controlling or subduing certain insect pests, the farmers seemed 

 to make little use of his results. He called the attention of this matter 

 to Richard Oglesby, then governor of Illinois, and pointed out that 

 further means should be taken to induce farmers to use better methods 

 of control. The governor's reply was to the effect that whether or 

 not the farmer made use of his recommendations was none of his 

 (Forbes') business, that his responsibility ended when his work was 

 done to the best of his ability and he had published his results in the 

 form and manner provided by law. Then, to illustrate his point, he 

 thanked heaven that his own responsibility ended when he had made 

 his recommendations, in his annual and special messages, to the legis- 

 lative bodies, and that he was not himself responsible for the acts of 

 the state legislature. In his address as president of the American Asso- 

 ciation of Economic Entomologists in 1893, Doctor Forbes emphasized 

 the fallacy of this policy in the following words: "It is not the facts 

 of entomology we discover, but those which we persuade the farmer, 



