286 
east, and 12 north 3 east, west and southwest of Franklin, the watershed 
between the east and west forks of White River is a ridge covered with a 
glacial material; it is almost level and from one to two miles in width. 
The glacial covering can be easily traced along the southern part of 
this ridge. Here the wells are shallow and water is found in shale; 
farther north the water is found in gravel and sand, and in this region 
there is a number of large springs. Well sections also show the char- 
acter of the original surface; of two wells within seventy-five yards of 
each other, one was 14 feet deep and the bottom was in blue shale; the 
other 41 feet deep and the bottom was in a ‘‘brush heap” (glacial debris). 
West of this ridge to White River, and especially along the creek 
beds, the country is very rough and shows the characteristic Knobstone 
topography. A continuation of the hills of northwest Bartholomew County 
are found in southern Johnson and Morgan counties; the hills are from 
75 to 125 feet above the bed of Indian Creek which they follow to its 
mouth, three miles southwest of Martinsville. 
On either side of White River north of Martinsville to near the Mor- 
gan and Johnson county lines, typical Knobstone bluffs are found. Di- 
rectly west of Martinsville the bluff is 190 feet high. The bluffs on the 
west side follow close to the river for about five miles; they then turn 
to the north, forming the west side of the valley of White Lick Creek. 
They gradually become lower and can be traced two or three miles north- 
west of Mooresville, in township 14 north, 1 east, where they ceased to be 
noticeable. Setween this spur and White River the country is gently 
rolling and covered to some depth with glacial material. 
On the east side of the river most of the bottom land is found. It 
varies from a few hundred yards to three-quarters of a mile in width. 
The hills are not as high as on the west side and gradually become lower 
as they run northward. In section 2, township 13 north, 2 east, the last 
hill is found; at Waverly, two miles southeast, there is a sandstone quarry 
of typical “Knob” sandstone. 
This northern portion is a good example of the gradual encroachment 
of drift material over the residual rock and soil. 
In the accompanying map an attempt has been made to give a general 
idea of the location of the escarpment. The scale is too small to show 
only the larger valleys. The foothills are indicated by short contour lines 
some distance apart. No attempt has been made to show the height of the 
hills by a definite number of contours. 
