113. 
seeds are less numerous, although somewhat larger. The color of the 
outer skin changes to black under the action of frost, while in the small- 
fruited type it remains green. Form 1 furnishes the really edible fruit. 
The larger form is also in cross section, almost circular, while the small- 
fruited form is elliptical, being compressed dorso-ventrally. 
In habit, form 1 is the taller plant, the branches are more appressed, 
and the bark is a decided brown. In form 2, the branches are spreading 
and the bark much lighter in color, being gray rather than brown. 
The inner bark of form 1, after maceration in water, is used in making 
rough ropes and withes; that of number 2 can not be so used, being much 
more brittle, or rather of much less tensile strength. 
As compared with form 2, the leaves of form 1 are larger, more acute, 
a deeper green and much more highly odorous. The leaves of the papaw 
are popularly supposed to possess preservative properties and are used to 
cover meat, dressed poultry and fish, butter, etc. For this purpose only 
the leaves of form 1 are used. Large areas of the other forms wilt be 
passed over in the search for the highly odorous leaves of the large-fruited 
form. In histological features, the leaves of the two forms differ chiefly 
in the palisade layer and the relative thickness of the outer walls of the 
epidermis. This later, in form 2, being from two to four times thicker 
than in its larger leaved relative. 
The date of flowering differs slightly, form 2 opening its smaller, 
less deeply colored flowers from a week to ten days later than form 1. 
In our area form 2 has much the wider soil range. While always. 
associated with form 1, it also thrives in a much thinner, lighter soil and 
in drier situations. When growing together, the two forms are easily 
separable, never by any chance becoming confluent. 
While not of the opinion that these differences are sufficient to create 
a new species, I am inclined to think that in our area form 2 should have 
recognition as a distinct form, and suggest that it be known as alba. 
JUGLANS NIGRA L.—Black Walnut. 
Of this familiar tree there exists in Indiana two if not three easily 
separable forms: 
1. Fruit spherical, nut following shape of hull; hull thick, bright 
green in immature state, tuning black upon ripening; pulp becoming 
8—Science. 
