SANDUSKY Bay AND CEDAR POINT 201 
SANDUSKY RIVER. 
I have not tested the bottom of the bay farther west than 
Danbury, 82 degrees, 50 minutes west longitude, but Adam 
Hayder in driving stakes for fish-nets has noticed a zone of deep 
mud extending from Eagle Island to the Bay Bridge. Into this 
he drives the stakes six feet and then does not know that they 
touch clay. This belt of deep mud is as wide as the length of 
eight leaders, 35 rods each, and the northern margin of it is 
about this distance, seven-eighths of a mile, from the shore at 
the Plaster Beds and as much as a mile at the Port Clinton 
road. From the south side of this belt of mud on the meridian 
of Port Clinton hardpan extends toward Willow Point. Off 
Willow Point for the length of six leaders, stakes will hold, but 
the next six lengths stakes do not hold, the blue clay or hardpan 
being too hard. 
I found no place near the bay bridge where the hard bottom 
was quite thirty feet below the ice. It is not likely that any- 
where farther west the river ever cut much deeper than this, for 
in the portions of the bay bridge where piles were driven the 
rock is nowhere much more than thirty feet below mean lake 
level. Nor does the valley deepen appreciably for about three 
miles east of the drawbridge. South and southwest of John- 
son’s Island a depth exceeding thirty feet was found in quite a 
umber of places. Here the river received several tributaries 
and its valley is probably considerably deeper than farther west. 
The borings do not show any tributaries farther west and it is 
not likely that any important ones existed between the bay 
bridge and the vicinity of Johnson’s Island. Among the old 
dismantled range lights southeast of Johnson’s Island the hard 
bottom is at least forty feet below mean lake level and may be 
considerably more than this. The greater part of a day was 
spent in attempting to trace the valley farther east but deep 
sand prevented reaching the clay except in a few places. The 
deep water off the end of Cedar Paint and in 1842 a deep depres- 
sion between the end of Cedar Point and the dismantled range 
lights, with glacial clay only 20 feet below lake level a short dis- 
tance to the south and to the north, show that the Sandusky 
River once flowed where steamers now pass in and out of the bay. 
TRIBUTARIES TO THE SANDUSKY RIVER. 
Lines of borings across the bay indicate the course, though 
they- do not show in detail, the submerged valley of Meadow 
Brook which now enters the bay west of Hartshorn’s dock on 
the Peninsula, and a stream now entering the bay east of Bay 
