THE WILLOWS OF OHIO. 305 
SALIX CANDIDA Fluegge. SacE WILLow, Hoary WILLOW. 
This little shrub seldom grows more than a meter tall. It 
may be recognized anywhere by its leaves which are narrowly 
oblong and revolute, veins deeply depressed on the upper sur- 
face and prominent below; under side covered with a thick white 
tomentum contrasting strongly with the rich dark green of the 
upper surface, petiole short and stipules lacking. Flowers ap- 
pearing before the leaves; ovularies densely covered with silvery 
white wool, nearly sessile, with a very long conspicuous deep 
rose red style like no other of our species; staminate catkins with 
few bracts below them and hardly presenting diagnostic charac- 
ters; small and delicate resembling those of S. bebbtana some- 
what but easily distinguished from them by the dark colored 
scales. 
Salix candida is quite rare in Ohio. It was first reported by 
Mr. Moseley from Castalia prairie but has since been found in 
Wyandot county also. It ranges over the eastern and northern 
portions of North America. But in the west and north the 
leaves apparently become broader almost elliptical and not mark- 
edly revolute. 
Salix candida hybridises with S. cordata, with S. sericea and 
with S. petiolaris. At Castalia a fine series of hybrids with S. 
cordata and S. petiolaris may be found. 
CORDATAE. 
The cordatae are a group of shrub willows with very variable 
leaves, characterized by glabrous capsules borne from wooly 
pussies. A peculiarity of the opening buds is that the inner bud 
scale grows out beyond the outer, enveloping the base of the 
ament and looking like the wing of a beetle imperfectly folded 
under the elytron. This so far as I know occurs in no other 
group and is therefore an important diagnostic character at a 
time when the species are particularly hard to separate. In this 
state the species though variable are fairly well marked but in 
the west the group is represented by a number of forms whose 
relationships have not been satisfactorily worked out as yet. 
Plate XII. Salx candida (left )and Salix petiolaris (right.) 
S. candida—typical but rather short leaves, other parts typical; 
natural size; capsule and carpellate flower enlarged three times, photo- 
graphed and brightened. 
S. petiolaris—leafy twig of the extreme type farthest from S. sericea, 
with shiny, glaucous, glabrous leaves; two small leaves belonging to the 
variety gracilis in the lower corner; flowers and fruit typical, natural size; 
capsule enlarged three times. 
