345 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 
tions were represented in the state, their order of superposition, 
their mineral character and contents, their thickness and the geo- 
graphical areas occupied by their outcrops.”* 
I have said that the above plan is a comprehensive one and I 
believe it will be so conceded when it is once understood that all 
the details of it as enumerated in the last sentence of the above 
quotation are as necessary for the guidance of the Geological Sur- 
vey today as when they were published thirty-five years ago. 
Furthermore, some idea of the magnitude of the work outlined may 
be gained when it is stated that probab yly not more than one-half 
of it has as yet been accomplished, in spite of the valuable and ex- 
tensive contributions made by the Newberry Survey and that a 
his worthy successor, Dr. Orton. Aes does not permit of a 
analysis of the results of these surveys; but suffice it to say er 
the Annual Reports of 1869 and 1870 rd Volumes I, II and II of 
the Newberry Survey were devoted quite largely to stratigraphic 
geology and that some progress was made in describing the geology 
of eighty- five of the eighty-eight counties of the state. The 
county reports were in the main accompanied by a geological map 
on which some of the larger divisions were represented : but im 
very few instances was this ‘areal work carried to a sufficient degree 
of refinement for the representation of units or formations. A 
list of the geological formations as at present recognized in this 
state has recently been published by the Geological Survey of 
Ohio.* Each survey also published a Geological Map of 
Ohio. | Newberry’s is on the larger scale and algo. shows the dis- 
tribution of a larger number of geological divisions. Take for 
example the oldest division represented on this map, which covers 
the southwestern part of the state and is given as the “Cincinnati 
Group, Trenton and Hudson.” This terrain is composed of four 
distinct formations, viz.: the Trenton limestone (or whatever part 
of the Mohawkian series the Point Pleasant beds of Ohio may 
represent), the Eden shale and the Lorraine or Maysville and Rich- 
mond formations. These formations have never been differen- 
tiated and mapped in Ohio, although this has been done in Indiana 
by its Geological Survey. The next large division, the “Niagara 
Group,’ ” in southwestern Ohio, is composed of the Osgood beds, the 
West Union, Springfield and Cedarville limestones and the Hills- 
boro sandstone. No attempt has been made to map these divisions 
or even correlate them with the Niagara area of the northern part 
of the state and such correlation w ith the more eastern represen- 
tatives in Ontaio and New York is very indefinite. The two 
divisions of the “Salina” and “Water Lime” in the northern part 
of the state which belong to what is now called the Monroe forma- 
tion were badly confused and in general the supposed age quite 
1 Geological Survey of Ohio, Report of progress in 1869, pp. 9, 10. 
2 Fourth series, Bul. No. 7, Noy., 1905. 
