iO Mr. H. T. CoLEBROOKE on the Philosophy of the Hindus. 



prevalence of particular qualities. In the gods, goodness prevails, and 

 foulness and darkness are foreign : and therefore are the gods supremely 

 happy. In man, foulness is prevalent; and goodness and darkness are 

 strangers : wherefore man is eminently wretched. In animals, darkness 

 predominates ; and goodness and foulness are wanting : and therefore are 

 animals extremely dull. 



The existence of soul is demonstrated by several arguments:* "The 

 assemblage of sensible objects is for another's use ;" as a bed is for a 

 sleeper, a chair for a sitter : that other, who uses it, must be a sensitive 

 being ; and the sensitive being is soul. The converse of sensible objects 

 endued with the three qualities, goodness, foulness, and darkness, indiscri- 

 minate, common, inanimate, and prolific, must exist, devoid of qualities, 

 discriminate, and so forth : and that is soul. " There must be superintend- 

 ence ;" as there is a charioteer to a car ; the superintendent of inanimate 

 matter is soul. "There must be one to enjoy" what is formed for enjoy- 

 ment: a spectator, a witness of it : that spectator is soul. " There is a ten- 

 dency to abstraction :" the wise and unwise alike desire a termination of 

 vicissitude : holy writ and mighty sages tend to that consummation ; the 

 final and absolute extinction of every sort of pain : there must then be a 

 being capable of abstraction, essentially unconnected with pleasure, pain, 

 and illusion : and that being is soul. 



There is not one soul to all bodies, as a string on which pearls are strung : 

 but a separate soul for each particular body. "Multitude of souls" is 

 proved by the following arguments.! " Birth, death, and the instruments of 

 life are allotted severally :" if one soul animated all bodies, one being born, 

 all would be born ; one dying, all would die ; one being blind, or deaf, or 

 dumb, all would be blind, or deafi or dumb ; one seeing, all would see ; 

 one hearing, all would hear ; one speaking, all would speak. Birth is the 

 union of soul with instruments, namely intellect, consciousness, mind and 

 corporeal organs ; it is not a modification of soul, for soul is unalterable. 

 Death is its abandonment of them ; not an extinction of it ; for it is un- 

 perishable. Soul then is multitudinous. " Occupations are not at one time 

 universally the same :" if one soul animated all beings, then all bodies would 

 be stirred by the same influence, but it is not so : some are engaged in vir- 

 tue ; others occupied with vice ; some restraining passions ; others yielding 



» Cdr. 17. t Car. 18. 



