Mr. H. T. CoLEBROOKE on the Philosophy of the Hindus. 93 



immediate notice) without naming the authors ; and I cannot adventure, 

 having no present opportunity of consulting the original schoHa in a collec- 

 tive form, to assign them to their proper authors, from recollection of 

 former researches. 



They are of high authority, and probably of great antiquity : and it fre- 

 quently becomes a question with the later commentators, whether a parti- 

 cular passage is to be taken for a sutra and part of the text, or for a gloss 

 of the ancient scholiast. 



Commentaries, which are now at hand, and which have been consulted in 

 the course of preparing the present treatise, are the Vdrticatdtparya-pari- 

 sudd'hi of the celebrated Udayanacharya ; and the Vdrtica-tdtparya-ticd 

 of the no less celebrated Vachespati-misra. The more modern scholia 

 of ViswanAtha upon Gotama's text, and Sancara-misra upon Canade's, 

 are those to which most frequent reference has been made, for the present 

 purpose. 



Separate treatises of distinguished authors teach, and amply discuss, the 

 elements of the science. Such are the Nydya-liMvati of Ballabha-Acharya, 

 following chiefly CanAde's system. 



An easier, and more concise, introduction, than these abstruse and vo- 

 luminous works afford, is found requisite to the initiatory study of the 

 science. One of the most approved elementary treatises is the Tarca- 

 bhdshd of Cesava-misra, author of many other tracts. Though adapted to the 

 comprehension of the learner without the aid of a gloss, it has nevertheless 

 employed the labour of many commentators, expounding and illustrating it. 

 Among others may be named, in order of seniority, Goverd'hana-misra in 

 the Tarca-bhushd-pracdsa ; GauricAnta (author likewise of the Sadyucti- 

 muctdvali) in the BhurdrC ha-dipicd ; MAd'havadeva (author of the Nydya- 

 mra) in the Tarca-bhdshd-sdra-manjari ; besides RAmalinga-criti in the 

 Nydya-sangraha, whose relative antiquity is less certain ; and Balibhadra, 

 who is known to me only from GauricAnta's citations. 



Another compendious introduction to the study of Indian logic is the 

 Paddrt' ha-dipicd by Conda-bhatta, a noted grammarian, author of the 

 Vaiydcarana-bhushana on the philosophy of grammatical structure. It. does 

 not appear to have had any commentator ; and it needs none. 



Metrical treatises, or memorial verses, comprising the elements of the 

 science, bear the ordinary denomination ofCdricd. A work of this descrip- 

 tion is the Cusimdnjali, with its commentary, by Narayana-tirt'ha j an- 



