Mr. H. T. CoLEBROOKE on the Philosophy of the Hindus. 97 



II. 1. The first and most important of twelve objects of evidence or 

 matters to be proven, enumerated by Gotama, is soul.* It is the site of 

 knowledge or sentiment : distinct from body and from the senses ; different 

 for each individual coexistent person ; infinite ; eternal ; perceived by the 

 mental organ ; and demonstrated by its peculiar attributes, intellect, &c. 

 For knowledge, desire, aversion, volition, pain and pleasure, severally and 

 collectively, argue the existence of soul : since these are not universal at- 

 tributes, as number, quantity, &c. common to all substances ; but are pe- 

 culiar and characteristic qualities, apprehended exclusively by one organ, 

 as colour and other peculiar qualities are ; yet belonging not to apparent 

 substances, as earth, and the rest ; and arguing therefore a distinct sub- 

 stratum, other than space, time and mind, to which universal, not peculiar, 

 qualities appertain. That distinct substance, which is the substratum of 

 those peculiar qualities, is the soul. 



This concerns the living soul, (^Jivdtma) the animating spirit of individual 

 person. Souls then, as is expressly affirmed, are numerous. But the su- 

 preme soul (Pm-anidtmd) is one : the seat of eternal knowledge ; demon- 

 strated as the maker of all things, j- 



The individual soul is infinite ; for whithersoever the body goes, there 

 the soul too is present. It experiences the fruit of its deeds ; pain or plea- 

 sure. It is eternal, because it is infinite : for whatever is infinite, is likewise 

 eternal ; as the etherial element (dcdsa). 



Being a substance, though immaterial, as a substratum of qualities, it is 

 placed in Canade's arrangement, as one of nine substances, which are there 

 recognised. t 



It has fourteen qualities : viz. number, quantity, severalty, conjunction, 

 disjunction, intellect, pleasure, pain, desire, aversion, volition, merit, de- 

 merit, and faculty of imagination. 



2. The second among matters to be proven in Gotama's enumeration, is 

 body. It is the site of effort j of organs of sensation ; and of sentiment of 

 pain or pleasure. § 



It is an ultimate compound ; the seat of soul's enjoyment. It is a whole, 

 composed of parts ; a framed substance, not inchoative : associated with 



» G. 1. 1. 3. 2. and 3. 1. 1—5. Tare. Bhdsh 2. 1. 



t Pad. Dip. 1. 8. J; G. 1. § G. 1. 1. 3. 3. 



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