Major Tod's Account of Greek, Parthian, and Hindu Medals. 3'27 



This is the route of conquest by which they were made known to the 

 author of the Periplus, who has handed down to posterity the names and 

 exploits of Apollodotus and Menander. Their coins were current at 

 Baroach in the second century, within the confines of tiiese conquests, 

 according to my interpretation of wliat follows : 



" They subjected (Strabo says) the Patalene." This tract was supposed 

 to have occupied the Delta of the Indus ; but more recent geography limits 

 it to a much smaller extent,* by curtailing the eastern boundary. Patakne 

 is derived from the Sanscrit word Fatal, the lower region : it was con- 

 nected with Minagara, the capital of the Lower Indus, and governed by 

 Sanibus, when Alexander sailed down the Indus. It is not Arrian, the 

 historian of Alexander, who calls the capital of Sambus Minagara, but 

 another writer of that name, who was the author of the Periplus. The 

 latter mentions it as the capital of a Parthian dynasty, in his time. The 

 former gives the name oi Sindomaiia to the residence of Sambus, who wisely 

 propitiated " Macedonia's madman," dreading the fate of the crucified 

 Musicanus, and the massacre of the Brahmins. 



Captain Pottinger very ingeniously supposes Minagara to be the ancient 

 isolated capital of Sinde, the Sogdi of Alexander, so called from Mean- 

 naggar, signifying the insulated Bulihar. This, however, is greatly too 

 high for the Sindo7nana and Mitiagaraf of the two Aviians, who agree in 

 the position ; their verbal difference, I think, may be reconciled. Some 

 light may perhaps be thrown on that ancient period, and it may be made 

 to appear that the Jdrejas of Cutch and Cant'lii, now occupying the iiaunts 

 of Tessarioustus, lived but at a short distance from their ancient kingdom, 

 the abode of Sambus, the friend of Alexander, who was in fact their 

 progenitor. 



When (eight centuries before Alexander) the deified Crishna was slain 

 in Saurdshtra, by the aboriginal tribes (whom he and the Pandus had 

 expelled), and his followers in the " Great War" left India, a part of tliem 

 settled in Zahulest'hdn, and another division in Seivestlidn, on tiie Indus. 



Uf the former it would occupy too much space here to speak ; and of the 



* Arrian, however, makes it longer than the Delta of the Nile. 



f Inland on the north, the district of Barugaza (Baroach) joins to Sinde, and is subject to the 

 Parthians of Minnagar ; and the sea-coast from Sinde towards Guzzerat is called Surastrene. — 

 Periplus ri/'t/ic Erjtlircan Sea, vol. ii., page 393. 



