368 Mr. H. T. Colebroojte's Remarks on the Setlej River. 



ranged from 60° to 82°. For two or three hours after sunrise low clouds 

 were seen hanging about the hills, but they dispersed as the day advanced. 

 In the evening, and during the night, dark clouds charged with thunder 

 appeared towards the N. W. but there was scarcely any rain. About 1 p. m. 

 an easterly wind sprung up, and it increased in violence till five ; when it 

 subsided till 9 p.m. 



" Snow falls in November, and covers the ground more or less until 

 March ; but it is seldom two feet in depth. 



From Sungnam the travellers proceeded to visit the Mdnerang pass, and 

 thence to Manes. I continue to transcribe Captain Gerard's account of 

 this excursion, in his own words, unabridged. 



" The road from Sungnam to Ropa. (four miles) lies in the dell along the 

 bank of the Ddrbung. Fields and hamlets are scattered on either hand ; 

 and apricots and apples occur at every step. The glen is about a bowshot 

 in breadth ; and the mountains on each side are crumbling clayslate and 

 limestone, bearing a few dwarf pines. Near the village of Sfiibe is a copper 

 mine, which was formerly worked. The height of Rdpd is 9.800 feet : so 

 the seasons and productions are similar to those at Sungnam. 



" We had with us twelve days' supplies, which, from the goodness of the 

 roads, were transported upon horses, mules, and asses. Here, however, we 

 ■were obliged to exchange our carriage for sheep; and the adjustment of 

 the loads occupied so much time, that we found it necessary to Iialt for 

 the night. 



" The next day we proceeded to a reating place for travellers, named 

 Pdmdchin (ten miles and three quarters). At first the road was level for a 

 short way, and it led tin-ough fields of beans and bowers of apricots : then 

 there was an ascent of two miles and a half, latterly steep : but the path was 

 good to Tomdiceu pass, 13,400 feet high. The surrounding hills are slaty, 

 and crumble away at the surface, which is almost naked : a few dwarf pines 

 and juniper bushes occurring now and then. 



" Below this the first branches of the Ddrbung are concentrated. The 

 streams are amongst perpetual snow, and rush down from different directions 

 in clamour and foam to unite their waters. 



" The next four miles are of an extraordinary nature, scarcely to be 

 described ; rugged cliffs, banks of hard gravel much inclined to the river, 

 mural precipices, and sharp pointed rocks succeed one another. 



" After a series of difficulties and dangers, we descended to a considerable 



