Major Delauaine on the Srdwacs or Jains. 



birth, death, disease, sorrow, fear, surprise, negligence, pain, doubt, de- 

 sire, secretions. In the same way, too, is a Yati constituted by the absence 

 of care, of sensibility to heat and cold, of desire for abode, food, clothes, or 

 proselytes. 



I conclude the present number of the Tirfhancaras (twenty-four) to be 

 fashioned after the twenty-four greater avaturas of the Hindus. The most 

 important are RisHABHA, the first Tirt'hancara, and Pars wanat'ha, the twenty- 

 third. Concerning the rest, except, perhaps, Nima and MAHAvfaA, but 

 little information can be obtained further than how long they lived and 

 how tall they were. Tlie colossal stature attributed to these Tirfhancaras, 

 iiowever, and indeed to all their celebrated men, whetlier saints or princes, 

 in their books and statues, shews how necessarily connected in their estima- 

 tion were mental powers with personal size. These TirCliancaras, as well 

 as the Yngalii/as, I find represented in pictures, each with his emblem 

 beneath, but not distinguishable otherwise. As the list given to me 

 differs in no material degree from that in Mr. Colebrooke's account, a 

 repetition is unnecessary. 



Adinat'ha or Adiswara, another term for the deity, if we may so term 

 their idea of purified matter, is usually applied to Rishabha Deva, who is 

 allowed by Jains, Sraxvacs, &c. of every description, to be tlieir first deified 

 saint, and one who, whatever scattered notions may have before existed, was 

 tl;e first who reduced them to a system. 



They say that he abdicated in favour of his son Bharata, after a reign of 

 great splendor, when he laid tlie foundation of the Jain faith, instituted their 

 laws, and at length became insensible to worldly affairs ; that his attenuated 

 frame resolved itself into the deity, after an existence of eighty-four lacshas 

 ofpilrvas (one pih-va alone an inconceivable period). Another legend says, 

 that his spirit left him, while standing under the sacred vata tree,* and fled 

 to Caildsa. The Charitra or history of Rishabha adds, that his son Bharata 

 erected on an extraordinarily high mountain, thirty-two a-usa high, four 

 golden temples to his worship and memory. 



This story seems to resemble that, mentioned in As. Res., vol. ii. p. 26l. 



* Several fabulous trees are mentioned by Wilford (As. Res., vol. xi, p. 149, &c.), which 

 "sprang up at the birth of Jina or Buddha." Vishnu resided among them ; hence the sacred 

 trees of the east, and perhaps of the Druids, &c. in the west. 





