426 Major Delamaine on the Srdwacs or Jains. 



Arhanta is stated to have been a Rdjd, who adopted and gave further . 

 pubHcity to tlie doctrines of Rishabha. I suppose him to have given the 

 name to the old Jain sect. The Jai7i priests, according to Dr. Buchanan, 

 asserting Arhat to be the proper appellation ; and Arhanta, now applied 

 to the divine essence as attained by saints or tirfhancaras, seems to have had 

 the same origin.* 



As the source of the Jain, or Ariia/a sect, is acknowledged by all to 

 be RisiiABiiA deva, I do not know how to reconcile to this opinion the supposi- 

 tion of Mr. Colebrooke, that Parswanat'iia might be the real founder of the 

 sect jt though, from the nature of his history, and his having engrossed 

 almost exclusively the idolatiy of the modem Jains or Srdzcacs, it may fairly 

 be surmised that his revised and more distinct system has been since adopted. 

 The figures, as in the JaganndCha-sahhd, Indra-sahhd, &c. at Ellora before 

 mentioned, certainly refer to Jain objects of worship, mostly obsolete, while 

 the Jain temple on the liill may be taken as a specimen of the later 

 form. 



Emblems of the t'lrChancaras, such as the bull, deer, lotos, conch, &c., 

 are observable before figures in the tintald, &c., while around the feet of 

 one of them in the northern caves I recollect several animals are represented, 

 such as the rat, scorpion, and some others,! which are not reducible to any 

 particular emblem that I am acquainted with. Still, as the Jains occasionally 



* Ar/iat, and Arhanta, derivatives from arh, to worsliip, are synonymous in the sense of 

 venerable. — H. T. C. 



f That supposition rests upon the surmise, that the liistory of RIsiiabiia and the other 

 deified saints anterior to ParswanAt'ha, is mere fable. It is vain to look for any foundation in 

 truth for the monstrous absurdities related of them, their more than gigantic stature, prodigious 

 duration of life, iS;c. There is a nearer approach to sober history and credible chronology, .imid 

 much which is silly, in the account of ParswanAt'ha. He lived to the age of one hunched 

 years; his predecessor to one thousand. He flourished 1230 years before the date of the work 

 which gives an account of him and of his successor; his predecessor more than eighty thou- 

 sand years earlier. — H. T. C. 



X Wlioever in the t'lntala may be the large central idols in the second and third stories, 

 now called Rama and Lacshmaxa, similar emblems are placed at the feet of images in the 

 northern caves. They appear to be some animal triumphing over a prostrate man, evincing con- 

 nection between what is sometimes distinguished as Buddhist and Jain. 



The circular hollows before several images in the tintiilii and elsewhere, I was given to under- 

 stand, were receptacles for collecting the offerings of grain which the Jains sprinkle in the forn» 

 of Sivastica, the emblem of Suparswa, As. Res. ix, 306. I take the figures at the pedestals 



