Mr. CoLEBROOKE 071 tJie Philosophy of the H'mdus, 441 



Besides the work of the old scholiast, which probably is not extant in a 

 complete form, the siitras have, as usual, been elucidated by a perpetual 

 commentary, and by corrective annotations on it. 



The author of the extant commentary is Sabara swami bhatta, from 

 whom it takes the name of Sahara bhdshya. He quotes occasionally the 

 ancient scholiast, sometimes concurring with, sometimes dissenting from 

 him. 



The annotations (ydrticd) are by Bhatta cumarila swami, who is the 

 great authority of the Mimdnsaca school, in which he is emphatically 

 designated by his title, Bhatta, equivalent to Doctor. He frequently ex- 

 pounds and corrects Sahara's gloss, often delivers a different interpretation, 

 but in many instances passes entire sections without notice, as seeing no 

 occasion for emendation or explanation of the commentary, which he must 

 be considered therefore as tacitly ratifying The ancient scholiast is some- 

 times cited by him, adopting or amending the scholia ; and he criticises the 

 text itself, and arrangement of Jaimini. 



Next to him in celebrity is a writer usually cited under the title of Guru ; 

 more rarely under the designation of Prdhhdcara* His work I have had 

 no oppoitunity of examining with a view to the present essay, and he is 

 known to me chiefly from references and quotations ; as in Madhava's 

 summaiy, where his opinions are perpetually contrasted with Cumarila's ; 

 and in the text and commentary of the Sdstra-Dipicd, where his positions 

 are canvassed and compared with those of numerous other writers. 



Cumarila Bhatta figures greatly in the traditionary religious history of 

 India. He was predecessor of Sancara acharya, and equally rigid in 

 maintaining the orthodox faith against heretics, who reject the authority of 

 the vedas. He is considered to have been the chief antagonist of the sect 

 of Buddha, and to have instigated an exterminating persecution of that 

 heresy .t He does, indeed, take every occasion of controverting the au- 

 thority and doctrine of Sacya or Buddha, as well as Arhat or Jina, 

 together witli obscurer heretics, Bod'hayana and Masaca ; and he denies 

 them any consideration, even when they do concur upon any point with the 

 vcdas.t The age of Cumarila, anterior to Sancara, § and corresponding with 

 the period of the persecution of tlie Bauddhas, goes back to an antiquity of 



• Miidh. 1. 1. 3. f Preface to Wilson's Dictionary, p. xix. % Mim. I. 3. 4. § See Note A. 



3 M 2 



