The Prodiidivity of Fish Food in Oneida Lake 2\ 



bay on the east and north are bounded by a hue running east 

 from Long Point meeting a line drawn north from Norcross 

 Point (see the map, figure i). Outside this territory, areas 

 near Dunham Island, in the deeper water south of Dunham 

 Island and along the shore east of Norcross Point were studied 

 quantitatively, these areas amounting to 283 acres. The total 

 area studied quantitatively amounts to 1,164 acres. 



Equipment. The c'luipmcnt for collecting- the material 

 included a commodious row boat sufficiently flat-bottomed to 

 be used in shallow water and also with the bottom rounded 

 enough to resist the waves of the deeper water of the open 

 lake when carrying on dredging operations. Its size afforded 

 room for two persons with a considerable equipment of cans, 

 nets, and collecting apparatus. It was not possible to secure 

 a Petersen bottom-sampler and for the purpose of obtaining 

 samples from a known area of bottom a Walker dipper (fig. 2, 

 no. i) made of copper with a very fine wire cloth bottom was 

 flattened on one side. With this sampler the bottom soil 

 material could be scraped up from an area 16 square inches 

 (about 100 square cm.) in extent. The bottom layers are of 

 course disturbed by this process but the dipper digs deep 

 enough to secure those animals that burrow in the mud {Hexa- 

 genia, F phemera,Gomphus , Sphccrinni, etc.). This apparatus 

 was quite efifective in water to the depth of six feet. It 

 somewhat resembles Petersen's first bottom sampler, used in 

 1896, which was attached to a long pole for use in shallow 

 water, although in shape the two instruments are very differ- 

 ent. While this first sampler is characterized by Petersen as 

 primitive it nevertheless gave good results (Petersen, '11, p. 5) 

 and the sampler in use in Oneida Lake, although equally primi- 

 tive, certainly has been valuable in producing a picture of the 

 bottom of Oneida Lake. It shows that some areas are rich in 

 life while other regions are poor in life. For further studies 

 of this character it would seem important that a Petersen 

 bottom sampler, or a similar instrument, be secured, as with 

 this apparatus the units of material, especially in deep water, 

 may be collected with greater facility and accuracy. A sam- 

 pler with a greater collecting area, not less than 64 square 



