REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



43 



be esamiued they will mostly be found empty. If, however, new small 

 scales should appear, it is because some of the first brood have escaped 

 between the days of applying the remedy, and the syringing should be 

 continued until no young scales appear on the tree. 



Another scale-insect, Aftpidiotus citricola, (affinis,) was found on im- 

 ported lemons in Jacksonville, Fla., 1857. This No. 48. 

 insect is said to be allied to Aspidiotus {Coccus) 

 citricola of Eoisduval, which has been very injur- 

 ious to the orange in the maritime Alps in North- 

 ern Italy. It is much broader than A. gloverii, 

 and more of the shape and color of an oyster- shell 

 than of a mussel. It is mentioned merely to ap- 

 prise orange-growers of its existence, and to warn 

 them to examine all imported fruit well before in- 

 troducing it on their j)lantations. It is said to be 

 destroyed by a hymenopterous insect, Coccophagus. 

 The figure is magnified. 



Aspidiotns concJii/ormis, or the oyster-scale insect of the apple, is ex- 

 ceedingly injurious to the apple and many other No. 49. 

 fruit-trees — apricot, cherry, crab, currant, pear, 

 plum J it occurs also on lilac. The female lays ^E!^5^:^r'- 

 from 12 to 100 white eggs under the scale. The 

 young, which appear in June, are at first reddish 

 and resemble mites ; they run over the twigs and 

 leaves, and, like the orange mussel-shell coccus, in two or three days 

 they fix themselves to one spot and settle for life, and suck the sap of 

 the tree. Harris supposes the shell-like covering is secreted from the 

 surface of the body, and is identical with the flocculent matter which 

 exudes from certain Aphides. Dr. Shimer, however, considers the scale 

 to consist of cast skins of larvae cemented together. The insect under 

 this scale is of a soft consistence, and injures the tree by sucking the 

 sap. The scale itself is oblong, about 0.10 to 0.15 in length, of a brown 

 color, and irregularly ovoid-shaped, like an oyster. These scales are 

 sometimes so much crowded together as to cover the whole surface and 

 cause the bark to appear rough 5 they are frequently bent in the middle 

 and curved at the smaller end, which is pointed. Mr. Riley, in his re- 

 port of 1873, has renamed this insect Mytilaspis pinicorticis, and given 

 his reasons for so doing. This insect is destroyed by many parasites, 

 among which is a mite, Acarusmalus of Shimer, (a hymenopterous insect,) 

 Aphelinus mytelaspkJes of Riley, several lady-birds, Cocci'iiellidce, &c. It 

 is found on many fruit-trees, such as the apple, crab, pear, plum, cherry, 

 apricot, &g. . The remedy recommended is to scrub the bark with a stifl" 

 brush and soap-suds a few days after the trees blossom, as the young 

 are then hatched. Several other remedies have been recommended, 

 such as carbolic acid and water, &c., but none appear to be as efiectual 

 as the soap. The figure is magnified. 



Aspidiotus Marrisii, or the American bark-louse, is indigenous, and 

 does not injure the trees as badly as the A. concM- No. 50. 



formis, or the imported scale-louse. The scale is 

 about 0.06 to 0.08 in length, of a broad oval form, 

 and i)ure white in color; the eggs, which are laid /Q^^\<^ 

 under it, are of a red color; it is found on apple, \^^p^ ^ I 

 mountain-ash, and pear. The figure is magnified. 



Aspidiotus pinifoUce^ or the pine-leaf scale-insect, fixes itself upon the 

 leaves or needles of the white pine, and is abundant on the pine leaves 

 in some parts of Maryland, in the form of minute white elongate 



