108 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 



lose the use of their hind legs, prevailed throughout Ohatauqua. In 

 Burlington, New Jersey, 10 per cent, died of " the scours." 



Pennsylvania constitutes the northeastern border of a vast region 

 infected with hog diseases, most of which are classed under the name of 

 cholera. In this State 7 returns in 45 report the prevalence, to a greater 

 or less extent, of disease so named; Maryland, 3 in IG ; Virginia, 15 in 

 69 ; Korth Carolina, 28 in 51 ; South Carolina, 8 in 17 ; Georgia, 44 in 

 GS; Florida, G in 14; Alabama, 20 in 30; Mississippi, 18 in 33; Louisi- 

 ana, G in 19 ; Texas, 25 in 70 ; Arkansas, 15 in 34 ; Tennessee, 36 in 49 ; 

 West Virginia, 5 in 34 ; Kentucky, 36 in 43 ; Ohio, 26 in 57 ; Indiana, 

 37 in 42 ; Illinois, 47 in 61 ; Iowa, 35 in 55 ; Missouri, 58 in 68 ; Kansas, 

 16 in 41 ; Nebraska, 11 in 30. 



The following are the principal diseases reported under other names 

 or no name : A disease reported in dilYerent localities under different 

 names — such as " new," " unknown," " very different from any heretofore 

 known," " diphtheria," "sore-throat," "head and neck disease," "mouth 

 and throat disease," &c. — but the descriptions of which imply identity, 

 is thus described in the return from Lauderdale, Alabama : 



It is principally confined to the mouth, throat, and lungs ; but often aflfects the kid- 

 neys, occasiouing copious discharges of bloody urine. In its first stages the mouth 

 and tongue are much ulcerated, so that the hog cannot take usual food, being unable 

 to masticate even a tender apple. Within three or four days a heavy coughing ensues, 

 the lungs become badly ulcerated, and in many cases entirely consumed. At this stage 

 great thirst prevails, and the hog will lie around near or in the water until death. In 

 some cases they continue to live fifteen days without seeming to take any nourishment. 

 In some localities 80 per cent, of all the hogs have died of this disease. It made its 

 appearance here in July, and ia still prevailing to a limited exteut. It has thus far 

 proved incurable. 



In Ohio, Van Wert, the affected are taken with a cough, become stu 

 pid, refuse to eat, and have great diflSculty in breathing; "they blow 

 and throw up, leave the herd, linger around, lie down, and seldom get 

 up again." The time between the attack and death ranges from one to 

 fourteen days. In post-mortem examinations the lungs are found to be 

 rotten, and to emit a very offensive odor. In Preble, " some do not live 

 more than twenty-four hours after the attack, while others linger along 

 for several days. The lungs at death are usually entirely gone." The 

 report from Iroquois, Illinois, states: 



We have had among swine a disease new to us, wliich haa taken many hogs of all 

 ages, but is perliaps more prevalent among large fat hogs. The first symptom is a 

 cough ; iu a short time they are troubled to breathe, and three out of four die within 

 a period ranging from twenty-four hours to six days. On examination, after death, 

 their lungs seemed to be the only part diseased. In some cases one lung will be entirely 

 gone and the other swollen and hard, of a blue or purple color, and when cut into a 

 a kind of yellow frothy matter springs out. 



This disease, or a disease attended with like symptoms and results, 

 is reported as occasioning a loss of 25 per cent, in Brunswick, Virginia, 

 of 90 per cent, in Newberry, South Carolina, of 4,000 in Saint Clair, 

 Alabama, and heavy losses in Lauderdale; also as more or less fatal, 

 without definite specifications, in Kapides, Louisiana; Howard, Ar- 

 kansas ; Van Wert and Preble, Ohio ; Elkhart, Indiana ; Kock Island, 

 Grundy, Carroll, and Iroquois, Illinois; Eichland, Wisconsin ; Muscatine, 

 Iow:a; Pemiscot and Clinton, Missouri ; and Cass and Dodge, Nebraska. 

 In Brunswick, Virginia, a few recover ; in which cases, as soon as con- 

 valescence begins, every particle of hair comes out, and the skin breaks 

 out all over in sores." 



In Georgia, Union, a nameless disease prevails, which covers the 

 attacked with sores resembling the eruptions of small-pox. In Laurens, 



