REPORT OF THE STATISTICIAN. 151 



condition much more comfortable. Gi-ayson : Pork on the increase ; price unchaupjed. 

 Beef decroasincj ; market advancing. Hays : In oats ; lowering the price of corn. Hen- 

 derson : No real increase ; county eelf-sustaininlg. Hunt : None. Houston : Some in 

 feed-crops; none in hoga, owing to cholera. Decrease in beef. Jack: Very great, with 

 good prices. Heavy iuilux of population. Jasper : Considerable in corn and oats. 

 Prices 10 per cent, lower. Kaufman : Yes ; 200 per cent. Profits on the increase this year 

 will nearly pay off debts of past two or three years. McLennan : Real in forage-crops, 

 with decrease in profit to producer. Increase in pork, but not to affect market. Great 

 reduction in beef. Rusk: Real increase, Raving money formerly spent for supplies. 

 Corn-meal 50 cents per bushel, and enough for supply. Last year $20,000 paid for meal 

 alone. Smith : It ia not in the present generation of this people to change from cq^ton to 

 anything. The Immigration Agency of the International Railroad turn their attention 

 to the cotton States, for tJiey want men who will raise cotton to haul off and give them 

 bacon and flour to haul back. On the contrary, our country wants or needs western 

 men, so called, who will devote their labor to producing home supplies. Bacon can be 

 made cheaper in this county than in Illinois, Indiana, or Ohio. Tiias : Thirty per cent, 

 in corn, oatt., and pease in 1876 ; plenty to fatten stock and to spare, and plenty pork and 

 beef ; has been salvation of farmers. One more year of all cotton would have bankrupted 

 U8. T^/Zer: Large increase in red rnst-proof oats. Upshur: Oats increasing, and corn will, 

 now that cotton does not pay. Experiments are being made with ground-pease ; cheap 

 as sorghum for hogs. Uvalde: Corn has increased 1,000 per cent, since ISiJO. Van 

 Zandt : Ship 3,000 head of cattle ; 12,000 bushels of wheat ; 100,000 pounds of hides, 

 and some hogs. Wilson : Increase in corn and oats has kept price low for corn, 47 

 cents ; oats, 50. Home supplies of corn and beef raised. Cholera unknown. 



Arkansas. — Arkansas : In corn and pease, especially pease. Most raise meat enough 

 and are looking for some surplus money this year. Craighead : Yes ; and pays bet- 

 ter than cotton. Purchasers from Saint Louis now here payiig a good price for pork. 

 Crawford : A dozen men have adopted policy of raising home supplies, and are better 

 off than their neighbors, but no general increase. Conway : Twenty-five per cent, in 

 food-crops. Wild-grass giving out ; 50 per cent, more pork and beef than formerly ; 

 money kept at home. Crittenden; Yes; corn two years ago $1 per bushel; now 30 

 cents ; equal increase in hogs ; and this besides all the cotton that can be gathered. 

 When all supplies are raised at home, the farmers will grow rich at once. Dallas : None 

 to be relied on as permanent. People in debt must raise cotton till they break. Fulton : 

 Some ; but prices not much affected ; crops abundant, and farmers generally out of 

 debt. Izard: Large in German millet; considerable in oats, antl some in pork; not 

 enough to affect profits. Johnson : At least 60 per cent. ; giving more money; greater 

 independence; further increase indicated, ifiss/ssfjjpi : Eighty per cent, more pork and 

 corn than seven years ago ; 90 per cent, hay ; 80 per cent, more oats and fodder ; corn 

 and pork 75 per cent, lower, and plenty on hand for 1877. Prairie : Corn enough and to 

 spare ; also beef ; a few farmers raising pork to sell, getting 7 cents, and much more pros- 

 perous than all-cotton men; raising wheat and all supplies. Saint Francis : Corn-crop 

 of 1876 nearly double 1875 ; no market, and consequently less to be planted this 

 year. Scott : Yes ; and it slightly decreases profits ^f producer. Fan Buren : Yes ; 

 entirely self-sustaining, and export meal, flour, pork, and beef, and great bulk of cot- 

 ton clear profit. White: Much, owing to immigration from North. Woodruff: Effect 

 so favorable, that those producing home supplies will continue to do so. 



Tennessee. — Bedford: Yes; and increased thrift invariably follows, especially 

 where stock-feeding is practiced. Gibson: Very marked, with great benefit. For the 

 iirst year in several, corn, pork, and beef have been sold beyond home consumption. 

 Hardeman : In corn, pease, pork, sorghum, and nearly enough. Generally in debt, but 

 in a fair way to prosper by raising home supplies. Hickman: Decided, in corn, hay, 

 pork, and beef. Many going into stock-raising exclusively. Lauderdale : In pork and 

 beef, with lessened profits. Maury : Considerable in grass and clover. Enough pork 

 and a large surplus of beef. McMinn ; All farmers try to raise home supplies. Mc- 

 Nairy : Very considerable in nearly all, especially pork and hay. Sumner ; In pease, 

 hay, cattle, and sheep. Decrease in corn, oats, and hogs. Weakley: Corn and pease for 

 Btock-feeding. The latter is a good fertilizer as well as feed. 



SUMMARY OF RESULTS. 



The following are the more prominent facts indicated as the result of 

 this investigation : 



1. The area in cotton is rapidly extending west of the Mississippi upon 

 new and fertile soils ; the fields of the large plantations in the old plant- 

 ing States are only partially occupied, and in smaller proportion by cot- 

 ton than formerly. It is less than in 1800, but includes about eleven 

 and a half million acres in round numbers. 



