d40) Proceedings of Indiana Academy of Science. 
79. BUTEO LINEATUS LINEATUS (Gmelin). RED-SHOULDERED HAWK. (339) 
This beautiful hawk was scarcely less common and familiar to me in my 
boyhood days than was the preceding species: indeed. in some years I am 
inclined to think it was the more common species. They, too, built their 
nests in the tops of the tallest oaks, beech, and sycamores. I remember 
climbing, in the spring of 1884. to a nest well toward the top of a large 
white oak (Quercus alba), in the woods southwest of our house, only to 
find in the nest three newly-hatched young instead of a set of nice fresh 
eggs for which I had hoped. 
I think the habit of circling high in air and screaming the while is quite 
as characteristic of this species as it is of the Red-tail. 
While the Red-shouldered Hawk is probably a permanent resident of each 
of the three counties considered in this paper, the majority of the individ- 
uals go south in the winter. On their return northward in the spring, they 
are sometimes gregarious, as evidenced by a scene which I witnessed in 
Clay County, just east of Terre Haute, April 3, 1879. In a large meadow 
at the side of the road, I saw a great number of hawks—TI estimated the 
number at 150 to 200—flying about over the meadow. They were flying 
low, sometimes circling about as if hunting, but the general movement was 
northward. They were certainly doing some hunting, Hylas and garter- 
shakes being the principal victims. The majority of these hawks were the 
Red-shouldered, but some were doubtless Red-tails. This is the only time I 
have ever seen hawks together in anything like such numbers. 
Both of these species were commonly known as chicken-hawks, and were 
commonly regarded as being very destructive to poultry. They doubtless 
do invade the barnyard now and then, but their destructiveness to domestic 
poultry has been greatly exaggerated. 
Sometimes a certain individual hawk will acquire the ‘“‘chicken habit’, 
just as some dogs become “‘sheep-killing dogs”, and then the only way out 
of it for the farmer is to kill the hawk. On the whole, however, the great 
majority of each of these species kill so many injurious rodents that they 
must be classed with the useful birds. 
As I have already said, the Red-shouldered Hawk was common in Carroll, 
Vigo, and Monroe counties, though I have but few actual records. On 
March 15, 1885, I saw one near the Armstrong Pond at Camden. There 
was a good specimen in the collection of Dr. Scovell, of Terre Haute, taken 
by him near that city, and I noted one April 1, 1888. 
80. Burro PLATYPTERUS (Vieillot). BROAD-WINGED HAWK, (343) 
Rare summer resident. I have seen it only on a few occasions. One of 
these was on October 50, 1886, when Prof. O. P. Jenkins, Mr. Louis J. Rett- 
ger, and I saw one on Eel River in Clay County, near the Vigo County line. 
I saw another on Coal Creek in April, 1889. I have seen it rarely in Carroll 
County, and only in spring or autumn. I have no record of the species for 
Monroe County. 
81. ARCHIBUTEO LAGOPUS SANCTI-JOHANNIS (Gmelin). 
ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK. (547a) 
Probably a rare spring and fall migrant; possibly a summer resident. 
One seen northeast of Terre Haute, in October, 1889. 
tant in Carroll County. No record for Monroe County. 
A rare winter visi- 
