A CENTURY OF GEOLOGY IN INDIANA. 141 



an inclination or dip, to the westward and northward, so gentle that its exis- 

 tence can only be made Icnown by observations extended to points that are 

 far distant from one another. Not a single true fault, or upward or down- 

 ward break and displacement of the strata has yet been discovered. From this, 

 then, one might be led to suppose that the geologist would have but little 

 trouble in tracing and making up a complete and accurate record of the 

 geological history of the State. But this very monotony of action and uni- 

 formity of strata is, perhaps, more perplexing and defiant to deal with and 

 read correctly, than where turbulence prevailed and marked the pages of 

 geological time with bold and weU defined characters. There is also another 

 great drawback to investigations in Indiana, due to the immense deposit 

 of glacial clay, sand, gravel and boulders which spread over so large a portion 

 of the State, and cover up the beds of stratified rock." 



He introduces for the first time, Mr. S. A. Miller of Cincinnati, Ohio, 

 stating that he has "very obligingly, at my request, furnished a complete 

 catalogue of aU the fossils which have been found in the Lower Silurian rocks 

 over a portion of Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky. Mr. Miller's work on the 

 American Paleozoic Fossils, has verj- justly won for him the reputation of 

 the very highest authoritj- on American fossils, and this list, coming as it 

 does first from his pen, cannot fail to be of incalculable value to collectors of 

 Lower Silurian fossils." 



With this introduction began that period in the history of the Geological 

 Survey of the State which continued until 1895, in which paleontology rather 

 than economic geology became the predominant subject treated. Miller, 

 Hall, White and others described thousands of species of fossils from all 

 formations of this and adjoining states, and published altogether 191 plates 

 in the Indiana reports. 



The Catalogue of Miller, with bi])liographieal notes, comprises pages 22 

 to 56 of the volume. He includes with it the minutes of a special meeting of 

 the then flourishing Cincinnati Societj- of Natural History, held Jan. 2.3, 1879, 

 at which its more prominent members passed a resolution eliminating from 

 geological nomenclature the term "Cincinnati Group," which had previously 

 been extensively used to designate the Trenton, Utica shale and Hudson 

 River formations in southeastern Indiana and the adjoining portions of 

 Ohio and Kentucky. Of this resolution Miller says: "The Cincinnati 

 geologists, neglecting the study of the Trenton Group of Kentucky, and over- 

 looking the evidences pointing to the Utica slate age of the small exposures 

 in the banks of the Ohio near Cincinnati, contented themselves, with the 

 study of the richer fields, in the exposures of the Hudson River Group in Ohio 

 and Indiana, and permitted geologists from abroad who knew little or nothing 

 of the rocks in question, to flatter them with a local name until the absurdity 

 of the position became so manifest and the injury to science so apparent that 

 they resolved, notwithstanding their local pride, to abandon the worse 

 than useless synonym, and to raise their voices in behalf of exact science and 

 the well established law of priority in geological nomenclature." 



