370 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIANA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



preceding season brought forth, during the gro^ang season, 12,068 specimens 

 of weeds, including 28 species; two-thirds of the total was foxtail. The 

 second strip, turned over from an old meadoAv and adjoining a roadside, pro- 

 duced .38,432 weeds, including 39 species; crabgrass and purslane numbered 

 over one-half of the total. 



In another series of similar investigations Arthur secured four samples 

 of soil, two in December and two in April, and placed them in the green- 

 house. Plants groAving out of these samples were pulled and counted every 

 month for one j'ear. 



The foUoAsing is the record of the number of weeds produced: 

 A. A square foot of soil, three inches deep, taken in December from a 

 plot which had clean cultivation, produced 29 specimens of grass and 60 

 specimens of other species of weeds. 



B. A square foot of soil, three inches deep, taken in December from a 

 plot which was allowed to run to weeds the previous season, produced 35 

 specimens of grass and 349 specimens of other weeds. 



C. A square foot of soil, one and one-half inches deep, taken in April 

 from the same plot as A, produced 81 specimens of grass and 57 specimens 

 of other weeds. 



D. A square foot of soil, one and one-half inches deep, taken in April 

 from the same plot as B, produced 271 specimens of grass and 378 specimens 

 of other Aveeds. 



Bulletin 3, of the Department of Agriculture and Immigration, Winnipeg, 

 Canada, contains the foUoAving reference to Aveeds: "Their seeds are found 

 in all soils, and experiments have been made Avhich show that ordinary 

 garden soil contains 1,300,000 such seeds to the acre." 



Hitchcock and Clothier,-^ at the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 removed and recorded Aveed seedlings, for five consecutive seasons, from two 

 plots, of ten square feet, located on ])oor soil, Avith the folloAving results: 



One plot produced 37,639 Aveeds, including 79 species, and the other plot 

 produced 70,825 Aveeds. Purslane, Avatcr hemp (Acnida sp.), buffalo bur, 

 stink-grass (Eragrostis major), and Crab-grass Avere the most common 

 species. 



H. S. Fawcett, of the Ames College, loAva, picked 187,884 weeds, on 

 June 2, on one square rod of garden soil. On another plot, of the same size 

 but Avhich had receiA'ed more cultiAation, he counted 50,736 weeds. Foxtail, 

 Pennsylvania smartAveed, Canada fleabane, hedge mustard, and common 

 goosefoot Avere the most common species. 



Another interesting determination Avas made on the Buzuluk Experi- 

 mental Field, in Russia, by Bazhanov.® He found 3,000 seeds per one square 

 meter of seed bed, tAvo inches deep, or 34,000,000 s(»eds per one hectar 

 (13,760,000 per acre), and 160,000,000 per hectar (64,750,000 per acre), 



5 Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 80, pp. 124-128. 

 « Bulletin Appl. Botany VIII, pp. 270-203. l'J15. E.xtract in Botanischcs Central- 

 blatt. Band 129, No. 20, pp. 525-520. 



