317 



Hedgcock in 1908 (Phytopath, 1:131. 1911) infected Q. lobata, Q. 

 rubra and Q. densifolia ecJnnoides by sowing with aeciospores from 

 Pinus virginiana and P. ecliinata, resulting in the formation of uredinia 

 and telia on all hosts. He also records further inoculation experiments 

 in 1909 and 1910 in which 14 additional species of Quercus were success- 

 fully infected as was also Castanopsis chrysophylla. Typical galls were 

 produced on five species of pines by introducing teliospores from the oak 

 into wounds on the limbs. Many cross inoculations are recorded between 

 species of Quercus in which uredospores were used. 



Later Hedgcock & Long (Jour. Agr. Res. 2:247. 1914) record 

 further inoculation work extending as well as confirming the above re- 

 sults and also show by carefully conducted inoculation experiments that 

 Peridermium fusiforme is a synonym of the species under discussion. 



Arthur in 1913 (Mycologia 7:79. 1915) confirms Hedgcock and 

 Long's findings with reference to Peridermium fusiforme, obtaining suc- 

 cessful infection of Q. rubra and Q. Pliellos, following sowings with 

 aeciospores from typical galls of this species on Pinus taeda from Ala- 

 bama. 



A more recent view with reference to the relation of Peridermium 

 cerebrum and P. fusifoi'me to the Cronartium on oaks will be found in 

 Phytopathology 8:315-316. 1918. 



8. Cronartium pyriforme (Peck) Hedgcock & Long, Alt. Stage Perider- 

 mium pyriforme 3, 1914. 

 Cronartium Comandi-ae Peck, Bot. Gaz. 4:128. 1879. 

 Peridermium, pyriforme Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 6:13. 1875. 

 On Santalaceae: II, III. 



Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt., Harrington, .June 6, 1908, 

 (2070). 

 Orton & Adams (Phytopath. 4:25. 1914) record convincing field ob- 

 servations made in Pennsylvania which led to the conclusion that the 

 aecial stage of this species was the much confused Peridermium pyri- 

 forme Pk. No cultures were attempted. 



Hedgcock and Long (1. c.) were the first to conduct cultures. They 

 succeeded in infecting Comandra umbellata by sowings with aeciospores 

 from Pinus ponderosa, resulting in typical uredinia. 



In a later publication (Bull. U. S. Dept. Agr. 247:5. 1915) the same 



