112 
be observed, as a general rule, that 
those animals which have a greater quan- 
tity,of brain, have.a corresponding por- 
tion,of sagacity....With regard to the 
other organs; faculties . and :physical 
properties, there .is, a .wide, yariation 
between the European and the Indian ; 
andjin whateyer,respects the latter dif- 
fers:from.the,former, the particularity. 
(with, the, exception of the lips) brings 
him nearer,the ape.» But, as the chasm 
between! the last order of man and the 
first of brutes is-so wide with regard to 
speech,'we need! not. wonder at so, ob- 
yious a variation, in the-organization. 
' Having taken,a cursory view of the 
most refined ‘and. most debased of the 
human,race,; it. may, be necessary to 
observe;;that,the Asiatic and Native 
American fill up the intermediate _hia- 
tus;~the, former. continuing the chain 
fromthe European,—the latter uniting 
it to the African. 
’ This gradation from man to the brute 
eannot possibly be. attributed to more 
than, two, circumstances... Either the 
diversity; varied and, extensive as it is, 
was: produced by the slow and gradual 
operation. of natural causes ; or, different 
species were originally.created, endowed 
with the characteristicmarks which they 
stillretain. The first of these causes is 
most consonant to the tenets of our reli- 
gion; and that which we, therefore, un- 
hesitatingly adopt : — we must conse- 
quently attribute the variation in the 
different nations of the world, to the 
effects of climate, soil, general occupa- 
tion and mode of living.* 
“ Man,” says Buffon, ‘though white in 
Europe, black in Africa, yellow in Asia, 
and red in America, is still the same ani- 
mal; tinged only with the colour of the 
climate. Where. the heat is excessive, as 
in Guinea and Senegal, the people are per- 
fectly black ; where less excessive, as in 
Abyssinia, they are less black: where it is 
more temperate, as in Barbary and Arabia, 
* © The safe rule of Sir Isaac Newton, to 
admit no more causes of natural things, than 
are sufficient to account for their phenomena, 
may be efficaciously applied to the question 
—whether the human race has originated 
from one or many primeyal stocks? There 
are no more varieties of form and manners 
(he continues) among the numerous tribes 
of mankind, than such as the descendants 
of one pair may haye exhibited, under the 
varying influences of different climates and 
countries, and of dissimilar food, customs, 
diseases and occupations.” —Twrner’s His- 
tory of the Anglo-Saxons, vol. i, p. 7. 
Gradation of Universal Being —Fossil Remains. 
(Sept. 1, 
they are brown; and where mild, as in 
Europe and lesser Asia, they are fair.’’+ 
“Still, ‘as Di Halés has observed, ‘there 
aré anomalies, or exceptions to the in- 
fluence of climate ‘and ‘Ctistotts! that 
must be ascribed to other, and perhaps 
ufdiseovered” catisés, whieh bef! the 
pride of human’ savacity~to /develepe ; 
and'which, ’ afterall, must? be oresolved 
into the will aiid pleasure'of theC rut or, 
and ‘deposited ‘among “theo unsgeareli- 
able: riches” of his wisdom sand rovi- 
dence; ‘inthe’ variety, ‘no™less) thi! in 
the regularity, of his works.) 6 \ #6» 
“Tobe. continued?) MM iu 
* : 
\ <i 
+ Yet the Hottentots of the Cape of Good 
Hope are’ of ‘an alniost ‘sable ‘bréwn;' ahd 
the Caffres, much nearer to the lite, areiof a 
lightish: mouse-colour.~ -And, if the ques- 
tion is to be argued upon! physical grounds, 
the peculiarities of anatomical formation 
must not be overlooked. —EDIT., 41) i!) 4 
Le papas Lc) bin aiftt 
For the Monthly Magazine. 
Foss ReMAInNs. .4)\1))) 
HE Jast Number of the Edinburgh 
Philosophical Journal contains an 
interesting ‘communication from’ the 
Rev. George Young, on the. fossil 're- 
mains of a crocodile, found embedded 
in the alum-shell rock, on the coast 
near Whitby. . rene? 
Fossil bones of marine animals haying 
been discovered in the lias-rock. on, the 
coast of Dorsetshire, and at Stonesfield 
in Oxfordshire, which evidently belong 
to the Saurian family, it was ‘supposed 
that some’ heads and other fragments, 
previously discovered in the alum-rocks 
on the Yorkshire coast, belonged to the 
same genus. But, after considerable 
labour, and some hazard, in collecting 
the entire bones of an animal about 
eighteen feet in length, from the face of 
the cliff in which they. were embedded, 
and putting them. together in,theirspro- 
per order, instead of an animal furnished 
with fins for the purpose of swimming, 
it had the bones of both the legs and 
feet exactly corresponding ‘to’ those of 
the crocodile, and caléulated for walk- 
ing. pe aan crust on the ‘surface 
was also distinctly perceptible, ‘so as t¢ 
enable it to be elt etl nar e 
what species the animal belonged., 
This valuable relic of.a formerworld 
(and which, we believej) is the: fitst 
authenticated specimen ‘of the «erocodile 
found in the British strata) hasbeen’ 
purchased ‘by the Whitby PhilésophieAl 
* 
. 
PA SoH 
Society, and deposited in thé 
