248 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 
begin to appear in autumn. I found no trace of them in July, and Mr. 
Foster has often wondered what became of them during the summer. 
The worm from birth webs the leafiets together (Pl. V, Fig. 1, a) and 
lives within a more or less perfect silken tube; this tube being more 
complete around the hibernating individuals. The sprigs and branches 
affected by the worm present a seared and brown appearance, and a tree 
badly affected, may be recognized at a great distance. The Irish and 
the Swedish Junipers (varieties of J. communis) are both badly affected, 
but I did not find it on the Juniperus Virginianus, which is indigenous 
to the island. 
It is difficult to reach this worm by any application that will kill it by 
contact, and for that reason the only way of ridding the trees of it is to 
use some poison, like Paris green or London purple, that will be eaten 
when the worm issues from its web to feed. 
In point.of fact, Paris green water proved effectual m some experi- 
ments made with it at the department on living worms in confinement, 
whereas gasoline, which Mr. Foster applied to the trees, seemed to have 
little effect. 
Another web-worm, Ypsolophus marginellus, feeds in a similar manner 
on Juniper in England, but is not found in this country. 
DESCRIPTIVE. 
DaPsiLiA RUTILANA.—Larva—Normally constructed, carneous in color, the head and pro-thoracic 
shield highly polished, deep gamboge-yellow. The head retractile, oblique. Ocelliand mandibles more 
dusky. Body wrinkled, tapering very gradually from meso-thoracic joint to anus. Normal comple- 
ment oflegs. The piliferous spots extremely small and indicated more by the short, pale, glistening 
setous hairs arising therefrom. Wrinkles as in Fig—. Hind borders of abdominal joints slightly 
thickened dorsally. 
Ohrysalis—Color honey-yellow, the skin so delicate that the colors of the imago show clearly through 
it prior to emergence. Normally shaped, elongate, slender; the abdominal joints having, superiorly, 
two transverse rows of rather minute spines; the anus blunt and unarmed; the venter with a few 
ee cg hairs; the antennial sheaths reaching not quite to the tip of the wing sheaths. Average 
ength, 5™™, 
Imago—Average expanse, 12™*. Primaries, bright, glossy orange, crossed by four reddish-brown 
bands. The second band irom the costa is slightly angulate; the third band has the form of a letter 
K, the top of the K being usually closed, though occasionally open. The apical band is wedge-shaped, 
reaching nearly to inferior angle. Frequently this coalesces with the inferior part of the third band. 
Indeed, as Wilkinson states,* though constant in color and size, much variation is found in the orna 
mentation of the primaries. Secondaries dark gray, with cilia of same color. 
THE CLOVER-ROOT BORER. 
(Hylesinus trifolii, Miiller.) 
fOrd. COLEOPTERA; Fam. SCOLYTID.] 
Pl. V, Figs. 2 and 3. 
In September, 1878, I received from Mr. G. C. Snow, of Branchport, 
N. Y., roots of clover that had been ruined by a small beetle not before 
reported in this country as having this habit. The insect was found in 
all stages of growth, though the principal injury had evidently been 
done by the larve, which worked more particularly on the larger roots. 
These last, in many cases, were entirely severed at the surface of the 
ground. The filower-stalks were also in many cases eaten into. A visit 
subsequently made to Western New York revealed the fact that in 
Seneca, Ontario, and Yates Counties this new enemy to American agri- 
culture had been prevalent enough to prevent the cutting of the clover, 
the roots being entirely devoured and the plants pulling out with the 
greatest ease and gathering in windrows before the mower. In the 
fields affected I failed to find, after hours of search, a single plant that 
did not contain the insect in some stage, and in fewer or greater num- 
bers. 
* British Tortrices, p. 318. 
