REPORT OF THE STATISTICIAN. 319 
while the acreage of oats has declined to 7,859,540. In the other crops 
the acreage has changed but slightly. 
The wheat yield of 1878 was a very poor one and below the crop of 
1877, which was itself below average, being’for 1878 232,880,000 bushels, 
only 13.5 bushels per acre, and nearly 38,000,000 less than 1877. The 
number of farm animals shows a slight decrease since the number 
reported in 1866, and is for 1878 48,663,000 head, classed as follows: 
Farm animals. eee | Number. 
ge. 
BGG sd, be tee Bee ee eg Bc itn its Beat debe cbe. 53 25, 791, 290 
Si Bal poke eee eee Snes onal sine ted hep eae ae a Bie a os Ve 24 11, 679, 120 
LEM oye eae ome Ob ses dS SaSercneerc se cee Senses 3 i= Sse eee Ae 7 CSR Stee 12 5, 839, 560 
CECT GRR Spb ace Oca Oe a te See ee Oey eee OSCE: Peete ae oe ees 6 2, 919, 780 
Gants) Ws eee Ss eee, SA le Ae 4 1, 946, 520 
Maio aiid BARON: Hehe spe des ps ae shasd suaece Soa NaNuEWs Sec kNit~ee-teecets SeSp Rs oes 1 486, 680 
Since 1850 there has been a decline of 10 per cent. in sheep, an in- 
crease of 15 per cent. in hogs, and nearly 80 per cent. increase in goats, an 
animal so prejudicial to agriculture that it is, in fact, often taken as a 
sure indication of shiftlessness and poverty. 
In the estimates of numbers of farm animals for Europe, the division 
of the different classes is: 
Total numbor of horses---.-------.----« Sammwinicwese <o seeeme ee neeeteeees 31, 000, 000 
ISS ey noosa icin seelanc 6c wel wee’ a ele aire ele seoienie- Cees ee 16, 000, 000 
PAN CO stot was ceee-2catetecee sean copececbinadeck antec 2, 900, 000 
PERS ae loetew eine choos enon co sea seesoece coe ccne 2, 258, 000 
SERRE TN BSE 0 a ee ee le a a SSR oome ees esee 2, 000, 000 
RIMM OALY ca. slesiaw atciee = Inanic ce centee cot ocean ceases 2, 158, 000 
ML) seen Janets oces Cust Lows Decese ects Se acsaewetoss 478, 000 
BereLe SMUCE GMUdbO SSS <i 6 See 1c soit ea mc ccd aes ewes woe aee on semaeee 89, 000, 000 
ER TEISETET OSS Se i Re ae gE eae ee ee ae aes eens 22, 000, 000 
Hirai CO re sec coe no Fe feu [onmicms aetisleewics=s coon ace msclsice sete 11, 600, 000 
GLSth BIIGAIN. = ote ces laoteaeacsss eos cee caisaeeectnscar 10, 000, 000 
IPTURBID =o aace sesewsesss cess Sean so atameneee se ae acne 8, 000, 000 
Milena ooh 2 ee Les Sora Seen dec osececate cee sod - 3,000, C00 
Bubcie THREE Of ANCOP 2.250. < oo <0 ace na<- wane wanna sone es—aceeee SC 194, 000, 000 
SNC aces ene eeu cet near menos See arene cease come 46, 060, 000 
ieaurbEibalN ss sc snow Sees Somes ce ete cnet an ae eee sae 32, 500, 000 
TANGO! c's e Je eae leben 2a\Gede Sendo ts Sac esos ENE sees S53 A 26K 0005000 
SURE DEESEP ACEP E EOS ES tes SACI See eT: Mme, tae eee ee 22, 000, 000 
EURSI Nee Soe we tee eine aecce = eee neem ieee eet 19, 000, 000 
HIUH SAPS <2 cae cco ccs coos cs pace cans sceetoes ese ote es e 15,000, 000 
MUM Vitee cao ons seca cate ss cesscewesle coe eabeas caus ewes 7, 000, 000 
In respect to the amount of area susceptible of cultivation in the dif- 
ferent countries of Europe nature has been very diverse. Inaccessible 
and arid mountains, and lands subject to overflow of the sea, constitute the 
greater portion of lands classed as not arable. The percentage of lands 
not arable is greatest in Norway, being 72 per cent. of the whole ; next 
comes Sweden, then Portugal, while Bavaria and Wiirtemberg have the 
least proportion not susceptible of cultivation, being less than 2 per cent. 
Great Britain has 28 per cent. not susceptible of cultivation, Ireland 13 
per cent., and France only 9 per cent. The amount of land devoted to 
cereal crops and to fallow and pasture also differs greatly, according to 
the habits and traditions of the inhabitants. Belgium has the largest 
proportion of land in cultivation, having 59 per cent.; France has 53 per 
cent., and Great Britain 39. 
It has been estimated, and accepted as a fact in Europe, that the con- 
sumption of grain for the whole country is 154 bushels per capita aunu- 
