DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. BY 
to keep every one shut up in its pen, or in a bare yard, from sundown 
until the dew next morning has disappeared from the grass, and to allow 
neither sick hogs nor pigs, nor other animals, nor even persons, who 
have been near or in contact with animals affected with swine-plague, to 
come near the animals intended to be protected. That good ventilation 
and general cleanliness constitute valuable auxiliary measures of pre- 
vention may not need any mentioning. ‘The worst thing that possibly can 
be done, if swine-plague is prevailing in the neighborhood, is to shelter 
the hogs and pigs under or in an old straw or hay stack, because noth- 
ing is more apt to absorb the contagious or infectious principle, and to 
preserve it longer or more effectively than old straw, hay, or manure- 
heaps composed mostly of hay or straw. It is even probable that the 
contagion of swine-plague, like that of some other contagious diseases, 
if absorbed by, or clinging to, old straw or hay, &c., will remain effective 
and a source of spreading the disease for months, and maybe for a year. 
Therapeutically but little can be done to prevent an outbreak of swine- 
plague. Where it is sufficient to destroy the infectious principle outside 
of the animal organism, carbolic acid is effective, and, therefore, a good 
disinfectant ; but where the contagious or infectious principle has already 
entered the animal organism its value is doubtful. Still, wherever there 
is cause to suspect that the food or the water for drinking may have be- 
come contaminated with the contagion of swine-plague, it will be advis- 
able to give every morning and evening some carbolic acid, say about 
ten drops for each animal weighing from one hundred and twenty to one 
hundred and fifty pounds, in the water for drinking ; and wherever there 
is reason to suspect that the infectious principle may be floating in the 
air, it will be advisable to treat every wound or scratch a hog or pig may, 
happen to have immediately with diluted carbolic acid. During a time, 
or in @ neighborhood in which swine-plague is prevailing, care should be 
taken neither to ring nor to castrate any hog or pig, because every 
wound, no matter how small, is apt to become a port of entry for the 
infectious principle, and the very smallest amount of the latter is sufii- 
cient to produce the disease. 
Still, all these minor measures and precautions will avail but little 
unless a dissemination of the infectious principle, or disease-germs, is 
made impossible. 1. Any transportation of dead, sick, or infected swine, 
and even of hogs or pigs that have been the least exposed to the con- 
tagion, or may possibly constitute the bearers of the same, must be 
effectively prohibited. 2. Every one who loses a hog or pig by swine- 
plague must be compelled by law to bury the same immediately, or as 
soon as it is dead, at least four feet deep, or else to cremate the carcass 
at once, so that the contagious or infectious principle may be thoroughly 
See and not be carried by dogs, wolves, rats, crows, &c., to other 
places. 
Another thing may yet be mentioned, which, if properly executed, 
will at least aid very materially in preventing the disease; that is, to 
give all food either in clean troughs, or if corn in the ear is fed, to throw 
it on a wooden platform which can be swept clean before each feeding. 
9. TREATMENT. 
If the cause and the nature of the morbid process and the character 
and the importance of the morbid changes are taken into proper con- 
sideration, it cannot be expected that a therapeutic treatment will be of 
much avail in a fully developed case of swine-plague. ‘“ Specific” reme- 
