DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 377 
the harmless nature of thoroughly putrid products may be explained on 
the known principle that in preserved or cultivated products the prop- 
agation of the septic bacteria leads to the disappearance of the infecting 
ones. 
Virulence of the blood.—A solitary experiment of Dr. Klein’s having 
appeared to support the idea that the blood was non-virulent, I tested 
the matter by inoculating two pigs with the blood of one that had been 
sick for nine days. They sickened on the seventh and eighth days re- 
spectively, and from one of these the disease was still further propa- 
gated by inoculating the blood on three other animals as recorded below. 
It may, however, still be questioned whether the blood is virulent at 
all stages, as in the animals infected in the above experiments it was 
found to contain numerous actively moving bacteria, which had not 
been found in certain of the milder cases. This subject demands further 
inquiry. 
Infection through the air.—Only one experiment was instituted on this 
subject. A healthy pig placed in a pen between two infected ones, and 
with the ventilating orifices within a foot of each other front and back, 
had an elevated temperature on the ninth, tenth, and eleventh days, 
with lameness in the right shoulder, evidently rheumatic. On the 
twenty-fourth day the temperature rose 2°, and remained 104° F, and 
upward for six days, when it slowly declined to the natural standard. 
Infection of sheep, rabbit, and dog.—A merino wether, a tame rabbit, 
and a Newfoundland puppy were inoculated with blood and pleural 
fiuid, containing numerous actively moving bacteria, taken from the 
right ventricle and pleura of a pig that had died the same morning. 
Next day the temperature of all three was elevated. in the puppy it 
became normal on the third day, but on the eighth day a large abscess 
formed in the seat of inoculation and burst. The rabbit had elevated 
temperature for eight days, lost appetite, became weak, and purged, 
and its blood contained myriads of the characteristic moving bacteria. 
The wether had his temperature raised for an equal length of time, and 
had bacteria in his blood, though not so abundantly. He did not seem 
to suffer materially in appetite or general health. The sheep and rab- 
bit had been each unsuccessfully inoculated on two former occasions, 
with the blood of sick pigs, in which no moving bacteria had been de- 
tected. It remains to be seen whether the virus can be conveyed back 
to the pig and with what effect. Should further experiment show that 
other domestic animals than swine are subject to a mild form of the dis- 
ease, and capable of thus conveying it and transmitting it with fatal 
effect to pigs at a distance, it will be a matter for the gravest consider- 
ation in all attempts to limit the spread of the malady or to secure its 
extinction. (Since the above was written, I have noticed that Dr. 
Klein has succeeded in transmitting the disease to rabbits, guinea-pigs, 
and mi¢e.) 
Results of disinfection and inoculation of diseased products—Under 
this head eight experiments were conducted with as many different dis- 
infectants, the morbid products being in every case such as had proved 
successful by direct inoculation on other swine. The object being to 
test first the most available and least expensive of the disinfectants, 
the virulent matters were treated with 1 per cent. solution of each of 
the following agents: Bisulphite of soda, carbolic acid, sulphate of iron, 
chloride of zine, and chloride of lime. The materials to be inoculated 
were in the thinnest layers, in four cases upon quills and in two in thin 
sections to be inserted under the skin. They were kept in contact with 
the disinfectants for five minutes, so that the virulent material was 
