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DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 427 
watering place. At the farm of Mr. Quinn, near Hartsville, Indiana, 
_ where the disease was prevailing, twelve head of sick animals were run- 
ning in an inclosure, and when the proprietor was asked about the sup- 
_ ply of water, he said, “‘ There was plenty—a good spring.” On personal 
examination the spring was found to issue from a hill-side, with but lit- 
tle incline; from the place where it issued to the point where it disap- 
peared from exhaustion—a distance of some 40 feet—there was a long 
bed of thin mud, and no visible appearance of running water at any 
point. He was asked on our return when he last inspected the 
watering place, and answered, “This morning.” He was then asked if 
he thought the supply of water at that spring would supply a few horses 
or cattle with water, if the hogs were taken out, and he replied promptly 
in the negative, and when asked by what process of reasoning he came 
to the conclusion that water of acknowledged unfitness for anything else 
was quite good enough for hogs, and sick ones at that, he replied, in sub- 
stance, that hogs would not use water until they rendered it unfit for 
any other kind of stock! 
We mention this case in detail because it fairly represents the views 
of the average farmer upon the subject of water for swine—“ any water 
is good enough for a hog.” 
CLEANLINESS. 
The domesticated animal does not approximate the habits of his 
pioneer ancestor in point of cleanliness. It is the instinctive habit of 
the animal to bathe in water and wallow in mud to counteract heat and 
as a protection against flies; but in a state of nature, when the mud has 
served its purpose, the animal cleanses himself by friction with the 
nearest tree; the filthy bed which the domestic animal becomes satisfied 
to oceupy in a state of confinement is never occupied by animals run- 
ning in the forest, and given opportunity to make and change their 
- sleeping places at will—in short, when allowed to provide for his own 
existence, he exercises a more intelligent regard for his wants than is 
ordinarily exercised for him by his owner, who attempts to supersede in- 
stinet by reason. 
The frequent allusions made to the native hog may provoke the in- 
quiry, Are we to return to the ill-shapen and ungainly animal of forty 
years ago? Certainly not. In this age of high-priced corn, such an an- 
‘Imal is unworthy of an existence. The only thing to be admired of him 
is his health and constitution; the only useful lesson to be derived from 
allusion to his history is the means by which these were acquired and 
maintained. Iood, faulty in character and wanting in variety; water, 
deficient in quantity and purity; quarters, too limited in space and filthy 
in condition, are the three leading factors in the production of disease ot 
swine. 
Special attention was given to the examination of the surface land oe- 
cupied by diseased animals, and while there were exceptional cases, in 
quite a large majority of instances they were running in fields prodecing 
quite a luxuriant growth of weeds which, during that season, were shed- 
ding their seed, bloom, and leaves. The earth was exceedingly dry and 
dusty. In traveling through the fields the animals created a dust from 
the earth and from the weeds also, which, together, were taken into the 
air-passages and lungs with the air breathed, constituting: an active 
source of irritation. While pursuing this branch of the inquiry we were 
informed by some intelligent observers that they had noticed that ani- 
mals running in such fields, particularly wheat and rye stubble, over- 
