t 
DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 437 
POST-MORTEM APPEARANORS. 
In about one-third of the cases petechie and larger blood extravasa- 
tions are seen on the thinner parts of the skin; in a somewhat larger 
proportion of cases the abraded spots, already mentioned, are present; 
making a section through these, the skin appears thickened and of a 
very high color, but the sub-cutaneous tissue is not appreciably altered. 
In one or two cases there was no effusfon in the abdomen, but in all the 
rest this cavity contained a variable quantity_of liquid—sometimes of a 
bright yellow color and clear, sometimes of a straw color, and very 
often turbid and mixed with the coloring matter of the blood. In every 
case the colon and cecum were plainly affected, reddened externally, 
and internally showed changes varying from simply a deep coloration to 
inflammation and great thickening; in some cases they were studded 
with petechiz, in others there were none; ulcers of varicus sizes were 
frequently found, and also thickened fibrous, concentric patches, occu- 
pying sometimes nearly the entire walls of these organs. In one case 
there were large blood extravasations in the walls of both colon and 
cecum, distending them to a thickness of half to three-fourths of an 
inch; on section, these spots had the appearance of a clot of black blood: 
they were firm and tough and did not yield to scraping with a knife 
Round, firm nodules, one-half inch in diameter, were frequently found 
in the walls of these bowels, which, on section, were of a grayish-white 
color, and appeared to be composed of compact fibrous tissue, with the 
exception of one case in which they were less firm, and presented the 
appearances of the extravasated-blood patches already described. With 
the exception of petechiz the small intestine was nearly always normal; 
in one case there were two or three patches of inflammation one to two 
inches in diameter. The rectum was congested or inflamed in spots 
only; there were occasionally the nodular masses mentioned above, but 
in a majority of cases this part of the intestine showed little or no change. 
The stomach in one-third of the cases was unchanged; in the remain- 
der there were patches of inflammation from the size of the palm of the 
hand to the involving of half of the surface of this organ. Sometimes 
this was confined to the mucous coat, but often, implicated the whole 
thickness of the wails. 
The cavity of the thorax in every case contained a considerable quan- 
tity of a turbid, bloody liquid, in some cases nearly black in color; the 
pleurez were generally thickened and covered with false membranes; 
the lungs were constantly found inflamed, occasionally in a few small 
spots only, but generally the greater part of the lung tissue was in- 
volved. Often these organs were greatly congested throughout, and 
would break down under the slightest pressure. The bronchial tubes 
were also found congested or inflamed, and contained considerable frothy 
mucus, which in some cases entirely filled them. The pericardium was 
in nearly every case distended with a turbid, blood-colored liquid, but 
no false membranes were discovered, and only in one case a piece of 
coagulated lymph the size of a hen’s egg was found floating in this 
liquid. The heart seemed to be congested throughout in most of the 
cases, and had patches of a deeper hue than the rest on its external 
surface. These patches were very suggestive of inflammation, but in the 
absence of coagulated lymph this may be considered doubtful. This 
organ at times contained clots of blood of different consistency, and 
always of dark color, and at other times all the cavities would be found 
empty. In all cases the blood was very dark, and generally formed an 
imperfect clot, and the lymphatic glands were enlarged and greatly con- 
