458 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 
tory passage, the lungs, the subcutaneous tissue and the cutis, and, oc- 
easionally, some of the connective tissues of other parts of the body, 
constitute the primary seat of the morbid changes. The lymphatic 
vessels and glands become secondarily affected. The neoplastic pro- 
cess, however, does not in every case of glanders occur in all those tis- 
sues named; its seat in a certain tissue determines the form of the dis- 
ease. In common or nasal glanders the morbid changes have their 
main seat in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavities, and of the 
maxillary sinuses; in pulmonal glanders the same make their appear- 
ance principally in the lungs; and in farey the neoplastic process is 
taking place either in the subcutaneous connective tissue (common-farcy), 
or in the cutis itself (skin-farcy). In other tissues, morbid changes, as 
a general rule, occur only if glanders has become complicated with 
another disease—an inflammatory process, for instance. The products 
of the neoplastic process consist of round cells, and of spindle-shaped 
cells. The latter, usually, undergo further changes; some of them de- 
velop to round cells, and others serve as the elements of excessive or 
morbid growths of connective tissue, which, however, do not present 
anything characteristic, and must be considered as subordinate products 
ot the neoplastic process. The round cells are in shape and form simi- 
lar to granulation-cells and matter-corpuscles, but vary in size from that 
of the latter to two, three, four, five, and in some cases even ten times 
as large. The youngest round-cells, or those latest produced, present 
rather delicate outlines, and are the smallest; the oldest ones, which 
are distinguished by their granulated contents and their dark color, are 
the largest, and sometimes very large. All have large nuclei, which 
grow in the same proportion as the cells, and present in the older ones 
a dark, granulated appearance. (Fig. I, No. 4, and Fig. II, No. 6.) 
The formation of these cells constitutes the real formation of all the 
morbid changes in glanders, and may, therefore, be considered as some- 
thing characteristic of the disease, and the cells themselves are appro- 
priately designated as glander-cells. These giander-cells have two dif- 
ferent sources; they proceed from connective-tissue corpuscles, and also 
from epithelium-cells. 
1. Development of glanders-cells from connective-tissue corpuscles—The 
latter become proliferous and swell; the nucleus of each cell or corpus- 
cle grows larger; a second and a third nucleus are produced within the 
walls of the cell, but not by a division of the first one. The other con- 
tents of the cell gradually granulate, the appendages, or extensions drop 
off; finally the whole body of the cell decays. The nuclei become free; 
the nucleus-envelope or membrane expands, and becomes distinct from 
the interior, and the metamorphosis of a nucleus into a nucleated cell is 
thus completed. Such a new cell presents at first a very delicate con- 
tour and a large and bright nucleus, but, under favorable circumstances, 
will soon become firmer and grow larger. Under unfavorable conditions 
no further development will take place. (Fig. I, Nos. 1 and 4.) 
2. Development of glanders-cells from epitheliwm-cells—A process of 
proliferation makes its appearance in the tesselated and cylindrical 
epithelium-cells, is plamest, however, in the latter. At first the oval 
nucleus increases in size; then a second, and finally a third nucleus are 
formed at a little distance from the upper obtuse end of the first, which 
is not divided. The formation and growth of these nuclei cause the 
cylindrical cell to increase in size, or to swell, and to change its original 
Shape till it is transformed to a mere bag filled with nuclei and small 
round cells. Tinally the bag or the old cell-membrane decays and 
breaks, and the nuclei and young cells are liberated. ‘(Fig. III, Nos. 1 
. 
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