GLANDERS AND FARCY. ) 461 
other part of the nasal mucous membrane. If glanders has become 
complicated with inflammation, the whole process, as has already been 
mentioned, is entirely different. In farcy, too, in which the morbid 
changes have their seat in the loose subcutaneous connective tissue, the 
abscesses are formed in a somewhat different way. 
The infectiousness of the neoplastic products of glanders constitutes 
a specific and pathognomonic attribute of the same, which excludes 
identification with any other otherwise similar neoplastic or morbid 
products. The same specific agency, or the same virus, which is instru- 
mental in communicating the disease from one animal to another, consti- 
tutes also the cause which spreads the morbid process within the organ- 
ism of the affected animal. The efficiency does not seem to be dependent 
upon any particular shape or form of the morbid products, but-to be 
inherent in the material, because not only the live glanders-cells, but 
also the dead or decayed ones, the granulated and cheesy detritus, and 
the watery transudations are infectious. The immediate changes pro- 
duced by a local infection within the tissue, or the creeping of the morbid 
process from cell to cell, can be seen only under the microscope. If the 
glanders-process is not complicated, that is, if no other disease is exist- 
ing, the spreading of the morbid process, or the progress of the local 
infection, is a very slow one, but is accelerated or becomes rapid if a com- 
plication sets in. The morbid process, however, spreads not only by 
means of a direct infection from cell to cell, but also by means of the 
lymphatics, which absorb infectious elements and deposit the same in 
the nearest lymphatic glands. That this is the case becomes evident if 
an animal is inoculated with glanders-virus. The lymphatics proceed- 
ing from the inoculation wound soon commence to swell like strands or 
chords, and undergo not seldom ulcerous decay. The lymphatic glands, 
too, commence to swell to solid and painful tumors which afterwards 
become harder and, firmer, but less painful. A morbid production of 
connective tissue causes the firmness of the swelling, and usually ren- 
ders such a diseased gland impervious to a further passage of the con- 
tents (lymph and infectious glanders elements) of the lymphatics, and 
prevents, therefore, a further spreading of the infection. If, however, 
a lymphatic gland, thus degenerated, becomes finally itself a seat of the 
neoplastic glanders process, or of the production of glanders-cells, the 
lymphatics which pass from that gland to another one will also absorb 
infectious material, and cause thereby a further spreading of the infec- 
tion and of the morbid process. In nasal glanders, a swelling of the 
submaxillary lymphatic glands (which receive directly through the 
lymphatic vessels the lymph from the seat of the morbid process), un- 
attended with any affection whatever of the lymphatics beyond them, is 
a very frequent occurrence. Hence the spreading of the morbid process 
by means of the lymphatics is also usually a slow one in chronic gland- 
ers; several months may elapse before a new source of infection is 
formed. The spreading, however, will be a comparatively rapid one in 
all cases of glanders in which a complication with another destructive 
or acute disease, as an inflammatory process, has taken place. The 
morbid process is also apt to spread more rapidly through the lymphat- 
ics in common farcy, in which loose connective tissue constitutes the 
seat of the disease. The morbid process of. glanders, therefore, is in- 
fectious; a spreading of the same is not only effected within the tissue 
by a propagation of the glanders-cells, but also by means of the lym- 
phatics which absorb the virus and carry the same to the nearest 
lymphatic glands, where the progress of the morbid process stops, if 
the latter are degenerated by an excessive production of connective 
