GLANDERS AND FARCY. A471 
ceeded from the disease first diagnosticated, than to admit a diagnostic 
mistake. So with farcy.. It undoubtedly has happened a great many 
times that the first symptoms of farcy have been mistaken for an inflam- 
mation of the lymphatics, and as farcy in its further course becomes fre- 
quently complicated with glanders, it is easy to conclude that an inflamma- 
tion of the lymphatics constitutes a primary disease of glanders. Under 
certain circumstances I admit it is rather difficult to discriminate at once 
an inflammation of the lymphatics and subsequent ulceration or formation 
of abscesses from genuine farcy, and so mistakes, undoubtedly, have 
occurred. 
Besides all that, the diseases looked upon as-tlie possible progenitors 
of glanders are similar to the latter only in regard to a few external 
symptoms but entirely different as far as the morbid process is con- 
cerned. ‘They lack altogether, during their whole course, from first be- 
ginning to their final termination, the specific characteristics of gland- 
ers, and a conversion of any one of them into the latter disease must 
be looked upon as just as impossible as it is to change a cow to a horse, 
or a goat to a hog. Still, this does not exclude the possibility of an 
animal affected with one of those disorders, or with any other disease, 
becoming infected with glanders or farcy. .On the contrary, a diseased 
condition of the respiratory mucous membranes seems to facilitate an in- 
fection, if an exposure to glanders contagion is taking place. At any 
rate, the morbid process of glanders is always much more violent, and 
makes a more rapid progress in a diseased organism, than in one that is 
otherwise perfectly healthy. To get at the bottom of the facts.and to 
guard against mistakes, it will be necessary never to lose sight of the 
specific characteristics of the glanders process. 
Notwithstanding all those cases of apparent deuteropathic develop- 
ment of glanders, which can be found in the veterinary literature of 
nearly every country, I am not afraid to say I do not believe that a 
case of real deuteropathic glanders, one that can stand a thorough and 
unbiased investigation, has ever occurred. Gerlach, in his treatise, re- 
peatedly mentioned, says, on page 115, ‘A genuine development (pro- 
topathic and deuteropathic) must be considered as not proved.” 
Glanders, as well as pleuro-pneumonia, Russian cattle-plague, and 
scab and mange, will cease to exist if a propagation by means of infection 
ismade impossible. If, for instance, within the limits of the United States 
all animals affected with glanders were destroyed at once, and at the 
same time every place where glanders-contagion may be existing were 
thoroughly disinfected, and if any importation of glandered horses or of 
the contagion were successfully prohibited or prevented, glanders would 
at once become extinct, and would never make its appearance again 
within the limits of the United States, unless imported again from other 
countries. It is a disease that can be eradicated. 
I said before that glanders is most frequent in those countries in which 
numerous horses are imported from other countries. This is an undeni- 
able fact, except in regard to those commonwealths in which good veter- 
inary schools provide a sufficient number of thoroughly educated vet- 
erinary surgeons, and in which stringent laws enforce the immediate 
destruction of every animal affected with glanders, prohibit veterinary 
quackery, and do not allow anybody to keep or to treat a glandered 
animal unless he is a qualified veterinary surgeon, and gives sufficient 
bonds to pay possible damages. 
I know very well that I shall be contradicted, but mere denials, or 
questions asking where glanders originally comes from, if a spontane- 
ous development does not take place, will not do. Such questions, of 
