254 Mr. Manszacu’s Description of the 
the pilgrims is daily brought previous to distribution. The priests and 
Brahmans connected with the temple pretend that the latter building has been 
removed hither from Kanarak (the black pagoda), and is called the Bhéga- 
Mandap. The art of arching appears to have been entirely unknown at 
the time the temple of Jagganndt’ha was built, as these buildings have very 
large iron beams, and their roofs consist of successive layers of stone laid 
flat, and in some instances the successively projecting layers were continued 
till one single stone could reach across the opening and close it up. The 
roofs are ornamented in a singular style, and represent monsters which can 
only be understoood by a drawing. ‘The walls of the temple, which are 
visible beyond the enclosure, are covered with statues of stone, of which 
several represent the famous Hindu God Mana Déva, with his wife Par- 
vati, in attitudes so grossly indecent, that it seems surprising that any 
superstition could debase human beings to such degree, as to make them 
introduce into the most sacred places such filthy and obscene representations. 
Each side of the boundary wall has a large gateway in the centre, but the 
grand entrance is in the eastern face, or the ‘‘ Singh-Darwaza,” and there 
is a second enclosure within, the area of which is raised about twenty-five 
feet. Close to the outer wall there is a very elegant stone column of basalt, 
the pedestal of which is highly ornamented, the shaft being of a single 
stone exhibiting sixteen sides, the diameter about eight feet, and the whole 
column measuring about forty feet; on the top is a figure of HantmAn, a 
Hindu deity, who assumed the shape of a monkey. This extremely well 
executed pillar was originally erected before the great gate of the temple of 
the Sun at Kanarak, and when most of the buildings of that temple were 
relinquished, it was removed to Jagganndi’ha ; and the original ornament is 
said to have been the figure of Aruna, the charioteer of the Sun, and the 
pillar is thence called Aruna-khambhd. 
Near the north-east angle of the boundary wall of the temple there is a 
lofty arch of pot-stone, which is used during the festival of the Ddl-Jatrd, 
when three massive silver images are swung backwards and forwards, the 
swing being fastened to the stone arch by brass chains. 
You may easily imagine that a very large establishment of priests and 
others are attached to the temple, but you wiil perhaps feel surprised when 
I state their number to be at least three thousand families, exclusive of four 
hundred families of cooks to prepare the holy food called Mahdprasad. 
The provisions furnished daily for the idol and his attendants consist of 
