Lieut.-Colonel Mixes on the Jainas of Gujerat and Marwar. 341 
degraded to the infernal regions; and the dévatds, or divinities, become 
animals, insects, or even particles of matter; that this is effected by carma, 
to which all but the immortal Sidd’ha are subject. 
The fifth sect are those who refer all to energy of mind. 
The advocates for the supremacy of this faculty as influencing the condi- 
tion of mankind, say that all motion and exertion, the asi, mdsi, and crishi,* 
or, the arts of civilized life, all result from the strength of the mind : there is 
therefore, they say, no necessity for the intervention of the deity, time, 
carma, &c. 
It is related that the supporters of these doctrines all came before the 
Jinéswara or Térthancara of the age, and after respectively stating their 
arguments in support of their favourite principle, requested him to decide 
on their validity. 
The Jinéswara, after hearing all they had to say, desired them to forego 
their prejudices, and exert their understanding : he then explained to them 
that neither of these principles can do any thing of itself; but as the five 
fingers perform the work of the hand, so do these unite in the completion or 
perfection of all events, and that their influence may be traced in the pro- 
duction of every thing existing. 
This is the Jaina opinion on the subject. 
Although the change of the seasons and operations of the elements proceed 
from Swabhdva, or nature, yet they are considered partially under the control 
of the Zndras and inferior divinities (the Hindi gods are said to be of this 
number), and some Jainas worship these inferior gods and goddesses. 
In the six drds of the Sarpinicdla, and the same in those of the uésar- 
pint, or avasarpinicdla, there are invariably produced twenty-four Tir?han- 
caras, twelve Chacravartis, nine Bala-dévas, and nine Vasudévas. 
These fifty-four personages, who are Rajas and mostly great conquerors, 
are denominated the Utlama-pirusha, or most excellent of men. 
Some sects join to these the nine Prati Vdsu-dévas, or Rajis, who were 
subdued by the Vésu-dévas: this, however, is not authorized by the Séd- 
Whantas. 
The Tir?hancara is a Raji, who by his piety and virtues attains médcsha, 
and becomes a Sidd’ha, or Supreme God. 
* Husbandry, commerce, and war. 
