352 Lieut.-Colonel Mixers on the Jainas of Gujerat and Marwar. 
at the town of Srimal, Bhinmal, or Bhilmal, about fifty cés north of Pahlan- 
ptr: these Parmérs, it is stated, became Vanyas in or about Samvat 222.* 
(A.D. 166.) 
The S’rimdiit tribe is considered the first in rank among the Jaina Vanyas, 
but it is generally supposed the S’rimdilis, O'sawdls, and Pédrewars, are all 
descended from the same stock, and that all are derived from the inhabi- 
tants of Bhinmal. 
2. The O'sawdl tribe. These are also descended from a division of 
Parmdr Rajpits, who came originally from Parkar to the town of Bhinmal, 
and became Vanyas at the same time with the Srimdlis. Their name is 
derived from that of Ost MArA, a dévi or goddess worshipped at O’sianagar, 
a town about eighteen miles north of Jidhptr. 
It is said, that about the period above stated, a famine prevailing in 
Marwar, U’par, and Onar or Osar, two of the brethren of the Raja of 
Bhinmal, with some other persons of the S'rimdlis, abandoned that city, and 
founded the town of O’sianagar, and that these emigrants were Hindis, and 
mostly Vanyas when they left Bhinmal, the change of caste having occurred 
some years previous to their migration.t They were afterwards converted 
to the Jaina religion by a Jati, named Rarran Pragua Su'rt. The mode 
in which their conversion was effected is related in the Introduction, on 
the authority of Rarran Stvua Banpniri, the Ndib of the Suba of 
Gujerat. 
It is also stated of the O'’sawdls, that they were originally of all the classes 
of Hindus, from the highest to the lowest; the whole of the inhabitants of 
O’sianagar, Brahmans, Rajputs, &c., including the Raja or T’hacur, having 
been converted to the Jaina faith at one time, and having assumed the 
appellation of O'sawdi. 
Independently of the Visd and Dassd divisions of this tribe, to, be described 
hereafter, there are several subdivisions which appear to have arisen from 
professions, and are denominated Vaidya, Vadéra, Siat Ltinia, Gandi, 
Bandeh ; or physicians, merchants, sellers of drugs, &c. 
The members of this tribe are said to be all Jainas, and I have never been 
able to discover any of the Hindi faith among them. The Visd O'sawdls 
and Visa S’rimdlis intermarry. 
* [have not been able to discover the reason of this change of tribe. 
+ The Céladévi of this tribe is said, consistently enough, to be Mana’ Lacsumy’. 
+ This, however, seems doubtful, from the statement given in the Mérat i Ahmadh. 
