Lieut.-Colonel Mixes on the Jainas of Gujerat and Mdiwar. 859 
9th, Moéhvi Chartar, 8. 1255. The distinctive tenet of this sect is that 
the Térfhancaras have six Calydnas (an account of these will be given 
hereafter), or felicitous periods in their lives (the remainder of the Jainas 
maintain they have only five), and that their installation as Rajas forms the 
sixth Calydna ; also, that the translation of MauAvira,* from the womb of 
“the Brahman’s wife to that of the Rani of Stpp’HarRatT’HA RAsA, is his sixth 
Caly inaca. 
The C’hartars keep the Pac’hi or full moon on the 14th of the month, 
and reckon fifty days from the 14th A’sarsdéd to the 4th Bhidarwastd, the 
last day of the fast called Pajusan, and in this time the Sad’hus of this 
sect will not move out of the village or town in which they reside except 
in cases of emergency, and on the days called Ti?’hs they abstain from all 
labour, and occupy themselves entirely with the duties of religion; almost 
all sects of Jainas conform to this rule. The Tif’hs are the 2d, 5th, 8th, 
11th and 14th, or 15th days of the lunar month. 
The Chartars believe in the forty-five Stiéras, and worship the images of 
the Tir?hancaras. 
3. Tapa Guchch’ha. This is said to have taken its rise in S. 1285, 
A.D. 1229, and its name from the following circumstance. A certain 
Sri Puja, or chief priest of the Jainas, being on his travels, arrived at the 
fort of Chitore, and took up his residence there under a banyan tree: he 
appears to have been pleased with his quarters, as he remained under this 
tree six months, performing during the whole of that period the A’mbil 
tapasyd, which consists in abstaining from all kinds of food except bread or 
rice mixed with water, but without any salt or condiment. 
From this extraordinary penance, the Rana of Chitore gave him and his 
followers the name of Tupis Tapasyis, or Tapaswis ; they are also called 
Chitoris. 
According to the statement of the Taps, the Jainas for eight generations 
after MamAvira were called Nigrant’ha, or Alébhi,t ie. exempt from all 
passion or desire: there was then no difference of sect among them. In 
the time of AcuArya Séuastr Sri, or 345 years after ManAvira, their 
name was changed to that of the Cétic, or Corynia Guchcl’ha. 
* See the History of MauAvira, in the Asiatic Researches. 
+ See Mr. Colebrooke’s paper on the Jainas, Asiatic Researches, vol. ix. p. 300. 
Von. ILI. 3A 
