DO, .6 APPENDIX. 
Winps anp Weartuer av Mapras.—The division of the winds dependent upon the 
place of the sun, is into the N.E. and S.W. monsoons. . The N.E. monsoon, taking the 
mean of years, sets in on the 19th of October, * and ends about the 2d of March, heavy 
rains falling sometimes for several days together from its commencement to the middle 
of December, attended at times by gales of wind; after which, till the close of this 
monsoon, the air is generally clear and cool, and the weather pleasant. The mean fall 
of rain during the monsoon season, as this is termed, is about 33 or 34 inches. The 
fall in the year, as given in a foregoing statement, is 50°214 inches, including the fall 
during the storms which have occurred of late years ; but only about 46°35 inches, if we 
reduce that fall to the fall of ordinary years. The statement just alluded to shewed the 
fall of rain for thirteen years; in the following, some years are added, making altogether 
eighteen years. 
The following shews the mean monthly fall of rain at Madras, from the beginning of 
the year 1803 to the end of 1825, including the fall during the storms: 
Mean Fall of each Month in 18 Years. 
Inches. 
January sie Ba oh: es aS a5 0*737 
February si ie ae a8 he ive 0 ‘099 
March + aa ee ere ae 0 +469 
April <7 oe oe - e ~ 0°333 
May .. ss ‘ie oe os oe e 1°354 
June .. =f aoe oe a0 Sie 36 0 *854 
July .. ma <a ae 4 E 3 af 2'945 
August 5A ie a a2 se an 3 883 
September .. “ ae ate we a 4°359 
October a ORs Sn or nig i 12°273 
November .. sue oe fs a0 re 13 °937 
December .. e ae £8 ot sa 7 +522 
Mean Fall annually .. Inches 48 °755 
If the fall during the storms be allowed for, the yearly fall will be 46 inches, or about 
one-third of an inch less than that before given for thirteen years. 
The south wind commences about the 2d of March, and blows along the shore, 
bringing with it a great degree of dampness, and having at the same time a sultriness, 
which, combined with the damp, make it much complained of; this wind blows, 
according to the average standard before-mentioned, till the 29th of April, when there 
are sometimes for a week or two land or S.W. and Westerly winds; and at other times 
South and South-easterly winds. The land wind sets in about the 16th of May, and 
continues blowing, and generally with a great degree of heat, during some weeks, cooled 
* This agrees nearly with the usual practice, which is to lower the flag-staff of the Fort at Madras on the 15th of 
October, when the stormy season is considered to commence. It is hoisted again on the 15th December ; after 
which it is supposed ships may approach the coast with safety. 
