ON PLANTING WASTE LAND FOR PROFIT. I 89 



In notching it is necessary to have either a boy or a woman 

 for every eight or ten men, with a basket to carry the plants 

 from where they are heeled. A handful is then served out to 

 each man whenever he requires plants. 



In pitting hardwoods the workmen should be guided by the 

 root-room required for the different species. Enough room 

 should be made so that the roots of the plants can be laid out 

 to their full length. 



When Scots pine is planted for profit, it should form a pure crop, 

 at from 3 to 4 feet apart, according to the soil and situation. 



Spruce always does best when planted as a pure crop. In 

 hollows and moist places it may be grouped very effectively in 

 a plantation the bulk of which is composed of Scots pine.i 

 Spruce should be planted at 3-^ or 4 feet apart. 



Larch thrives best on land which has a northern exposure. 

 It may either be grown as a pure crop, or in mixture with beech 

 or Douglas fir, and in either case about 4 feet apart is a suitable 

 distance. If associated with beech or Douglas fir, plant two of 

 the former to one of the latter. 



All Hardwoods, whether grown pure or as mixed crops, should 

 be planted at from 4 feet to not more than 6 feet apart. When 

 planted wider they take longer to establish themselves, owing 

 chiefly to their exposed condition, and many deaths often occur 

 during the first and second years. 



The Cost of Plantations depends largely on their size. Planting 

 on an extensive scale costs less per acre than when small areas 

 are dealt with ; and much also depends on the amount of drainage 

 necessary, and the kind of herbage with which the ground is 

 covered. 



The following is the approximate cost per acre of enclosing, 

 draining, forming roads, and planting, with Scots pine, larch, or 

 spruce, about 500 acres of waste land in the north of Scotland: — 



1 This, of course, forms a mixed crop, as is best. — Hon. Ed, 



