228 TRANSACTIONS OF ROVAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The export of all sorts of wood for consumption in Germany 

 is increasing, but the demand for wood from this district for the 

 United Kingdom and France, especially oak, is diminishing on 

 account of American competition.— Abridged from Tirnber Trades 

 Journal, August 6, 1904. 



Russia's Timber Trade with the United Kingdom. 



Mr Consul Wardrop, in his Report on the trade of Russia in 

 1903, says that the United Kingdom is Russia's best customer 

 for timber, as the latter country supplies about one-quarter of the 

 total amount imported into the United Kingdom. The annual 

 value of the trade is nearly ^6,000,000. The export from 

 Cronstadt and St Petersburg in 1903 was well above the 

 ■average for the last ten years, and was only exceeded in 1901. 

 Prices were on the whole higher than they had been for some 

 y^2ss.— Timber Trades Journal, August 20, 1904- 



The Timber Resources of European Russia. 

 Of so much of the vast empire of Russia as lies within the 

 geographical confines of Europe, no less than 510,300,000 acres 

 are forest land, giving an area of nearly five acres for every 

 inhabitant. Of this great woodland area the State is the largest 

 owner, possessing no less than 234,900,000 acres, private in- 

 dividuals own 108,000,000 acres, and peasant communities 

 43,200,000, while 14,800,000 acres are under the administration 

 of the Appanage Ministry.^ From its forests the Government 

 derives a revenue of about seven millions per annum, and the 

 timber exported represents about 9 per cent, of the total exports. 

 One of the main objects of the Forestry Laws of Russia is the 

 protection and creation of forests serving purposes of general 

 public utility, such as consolidating shifting sands, protecting 

 land from erosion by water, or, in the neighbourhood of sources 

 of rivers, contributing to the regular supply of water. Such 

 1 From the forests belonging to the Russian Imperial family the best 

 "redwood" and " whitewood " which finds its way into the British markets 

 is derived. It is superior to the Gromoff brand, which is usually specified in 

 contracts for the best class of work.— AssT. Ed. 



