REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1903 37 



into a leaf, a branch or a cluster of flowers the next year. In 

 breaking a spine from its branch the leaf, branch let or flower 

 cluster is likely to be torn away with it unless care is taken to 

 avoid it. The 3'oung spine is often adorned with one or more 

 narrow foliaceous bracts which are quickly deciduous. The spines 

 of the hawthorn are sometimes elongated and leaf bearing. They 

 then appear like a short leafy branch terminating in a sharp leaf- 

 less point. 



The leaves are alternate and simple but generally more or less 

 distinctly lobed and serrated on the margin. Those of young and 

 vigorous shoots often difl'er from others on the same tree in size, 

 shape and lobing. The teeth of the margin are nearly always 

 tipped with glands which may vary in color in different species. 

 The teeth themselves vary according to the species. They may be 

 short or long, narrow or broad, blunt or sharp pointed, straight 

 or incurved. The surface of the leaf blades may be smooth, 

 pubescent or scabrous. In many species the upper surface of the 

 young leaves may be coated with deciduous hairs which soon dis- 

 appear leaving the surface of the mature leaves glabrous. The 

 lower surface is generally paler than the upper. In some species 

 the young unfolding leaves are tinged with brownish red or bronze 

 red but they become green with advancing age. The leaves are 

 normally petiolate and stipulate but the stipules soon disappear 

 and in some species the petioles are short and so widely margined 

 by the decurrent leaf blades that the leaves appear to be sessile. 

 The petioles are often furnished with a few glands which may be 

 either sessile or stalked. They are often more highly colored 

 when old than when young, and are apt to be shorter on vigorous 

 shoots than on fruiting or lateral branches. In general outline 

 the leaf blades may vary in different species from oblanceolate or 

 spatulate to obovate, ovate, oblong ovate, elliptic, oval or orbicu- 

 lar. 



The buds are compact and globular with very broad blunt 

 scales. In some species they are covered with a varnish which 

 becomes sticky in warm weather. When they burst in spring the 

 inner scales enlarge rapidly, become elongated and assume pink 



