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But now, the term lasts six months (closing at Christmas owing to bad 
roads.) Also, many of the teachers receive some training in the normal 
department of the settlement and missionary schools. Furthermore, there 
is but one teacher in each room, though in it is no library, few modern 
desks, and little equipment. In one mountain school visited by the writer 
in 1914, the pupils were sitting in rough board pews, the boys on one side 
of the room and the girls on the other. The walls, floors, and seats were 
dirty. Some of the children wore but one garment. Two of them were 
suffering from trachoma. The equipment owned by the school consisted of 
one wall map and three calendars. The only object on the desk was a 
small switch. The girl-teacher, who was a graduate of the institute at 
Oneida, had charge of 69 pupils and, besides, without pay, was teaching a 
“moon-light’”’ school of evenings, to which people of all ages were coming. 
She did not show any surprise or neryousness when our group of ten men 
in nailed boots filed in. Nor did the children pay much attention to the 
visitors. The third grade droned out its reading lesson, and then the 
second grade carried out its solemn program in spelling. There was a 
solemnity about it all which the outsider does not understand until he 
becomes acquainted with the gravity of these people in their gatherings. 
Progress was being made, though it seemed a pity that the children should 
have to learn the definition of some words which probably they never will 
have occasion to use. The day of the “shouting school” (in which the 
pupils indicate that they are studying by reading aloud) has passed in the 
mountains. In a second school, a girl, younger than the teacher above, was 
in charge. She had had no training beyond the common school. There 
were a few modern desks, but also some rough hewn pews. When I tip- 
toed to the door and took a photograph of the interior she showed less 
surprise than an Indiana school mistress would have exhibited, but she 
smiled when some of her children awakened to the situation. In some 
sections a holiday week is declared during the corn harvesting season. 
Mission and W. C. T. U. settlement schools are coming into the country, as 
at Buckhorn, Hindman, Pine Mountain Postoffice, and Blackie. 
Berea College, on the western margin of the region, serves as a uni- 
versity for the mountains, and is sending its extension department with 
wagon and camp into the remote sections. The reader is referred to the 
December, 1912, number of The American Magazine, for the story of the 
heroic foundation of Oneida Baptist Institute, and is reminded of Bulletin 
Number 530 of the United States Bureau of Education for the story of the 
