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encroaching streams from the west. Data from shallow wells, while re- 
yealing interesting sub-surface particulars, are not sufficient to give the 
shape of the pre-existing basins of the region. The deep wells, the wells 
which reach bed-rock, are important in this respect. ‘There are only a 
few such wells; enough, however, were found to reveal an intelligent idea 
of the shape of the pre-existing basins, and the character of the material 
filling them. These things are of the utmost importance for working out 
the history of the region, which was the chief reason of time and attention 
being given to the area. 
The easternmost part of the region is very probably not filled to a 
great depth. The sinks that abound indicate that bed-rock is near the sur- 
face. Sections 4, 9 and 8 contain sinks; these sections are at the eastern 
margin, and it might be easily deduced that the bed-rock is near the sur- 
face. 
Well No. 1. Out some distance in the basin, on the southern line of 
Section 5, T. 8 N., R. 2 W., near the headwaters of McCormick’s Creek, 
is a well at Mr. Fife’s which is twenty odd feet deep. This well furnishes 
a copious supply of water which comes from sand underlying a shallow 
surface stratum of soil. This well proves that the elongated elevation is a 
product of the forces which made the topography of the region, and not 
a remnant or hill in the former basin. 
Well No. 2. This well is situated in the middle southern part of Sec- 
tion 6, T. 9 N., R. 2 W., and is on the edge of the silt line at the foot of 
the hill. It is sixteen feet deep and reaches solid stone. The material 
through which it passes seems to be entirely the outwash or talus from 
the hill rising up behind it. 
Well No. 3. Middle northern part of Section 6, T. 9 N., R. 2 W., at W. 
Stone’s. Surface elevation 730 feet. The depth of this well was not 
ascertained but reports indicate that it is of considerable depth to bed- 
rock. 
Well No. 4. Southwestern part of Section 31, T. 10 N., R. 2 W., at H. 
Heady’s. Surface elevatoin, 728 feet. Depth, 14 feet. Soil, with streaks 
of yellow and blue containing fine sand, 12.5 feet. Caked sand, of a yel- 
lowish sugary appearance when wet, becoming like brittle sandstone upon 
drying, 1.5 foot. 
Well No. 5. This well is in the high hill to the north of well No. 4. 
It reaches bed-rock at a shallow depth. 
Well No. 6. On the county line, middle eastern part of Section 3&6, 
