78 Mr. Hodgson's Description of the Village of Pudu-vayal. 



Deducted for the endowment of the district and village temples, and fees 

 of village officers, slaves, and labourers, previously to the division of the 

 produce between the cultivator and sovereign 10 per cent. 



The cultivators retain 42v| in every 90 of g oss produce ... 384- 



Total retained out of the gross produce in this village, "^ ^^^ 



for the benefit of the village occupants 5 ^ 



Amount paid as revenue 51^, 



100 



In the produce of lands not irrigated, the cultivators of this village 

 retain the same share as from the produce of irrigated lands, with the 

 benefit of the usual deductions as detailed in the account of the produce 

 of rice lands. The cultivators, not original settlers, and having no claim 

 to permanent possession of the land, retain by custom a larger portion 

 than the original settlers, both in the produce of wet and dry land. 

 They retain 56f per cent, of the produce of both kinds of land after the 

 customary deductions ; but they take no share in the produce of the 

 village corporation lands, do not cultivate any portion of the ajipropriated 

 lands, and pay a fee of superiority to the original settlers in tlie village. 



The cultivators, who relinquish by custom so large a portion of the 

 produce of the land as revenue to the state, possess advantages, as culti- 

 vators of land and village occupants, not capable of being accurately 

 estimated, but of considerable value to the possessors. Tiiey divide 

 among themselves the produce of the land exempted from revenue, granted 

 when (to use their emphatic expression) the village was born ; they are 

 entitled to levy a fee of superiority from all cultivators not descendants of 

 the original settlers: they can, by custom, sell, mortgage, or give away 

 their village rights : they retain all the straw of all the land cultivated : 

 they have an exclusive right to pasture all the uncultivated lands within the 

 village boundaries : each of them holds, by custom, a moderate-sized garden, 

 free from demands for revenue : they pay no house or poll-tax : they have 

 the labour of the carpenter, blacksmith, potter, washerman, watcher, 

 barber, herdsman, distributor of water to the fields, priests, &c., free of 

 expense, or for a trifling annual donation in cloth or money. 



The reservoir for watering the fields must be kept in repair by the 

 sovereign or by his representative. When the cultivators are impoverished 



